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The most desirable type of control is concurrent control.（)

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第1题

It is most（)that he should attend the conference.

A.worth

B.worthy

C.worthwhile

D.desirable

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第2题

Most shoplifters agree that the January sales offer wonderful opportunities for the h

ard-working thief. With the shops so crowded and the staff so busy, it does not require an extraordinary talent to help yourself to one or two little things and escape unnoticed. It is known, in the business, as hoisting.

But the hoisting game is not what it used to be. Even at the height of the sales, shoplifters today never know if they are being watched by one of those evil little balls that hang from the ceilings of so many department stores above the most desirable goods.

As if that was not trouble enough for them, they can now be filmed at work and obliged to attend a showing of their performance in court.

Selfridges was the first big London store to install close-circuit videotape equipment to watch its sales floors. In October last year the store won its first court case for shoplifting using as evidence a videotape clearly showing a couple stealing dresses. It was an important test case which encouraged other stores to install similar equipment.

When the balls, called sputniks, first made an appearance in shops it was widely believed that their only function was to frighten shoplifters. Their strange appearance, the curious holes and red lights on and off, certainly made the theory believable.

It did not take long, however, for serious shoplifters to start showing suitable respect. Soon after the equipment was in operation at Selfridges, store detective Brian Chadwick was sitting in the control room watching a woman secretly putting bottles of perfume into her bag.

As she turned to go, Chadwick recalled, she suddenly looked up at the sputnik and stopped. She could not possibly have seen that the camera was trained on her because it is completely hidden but she must have had a feeling that I was looking at her. For a moment she paused, then she returned to the counter and started putting everything back. When she had finished, she opened her bag towards the camera to show it was empty and hurried out of the store.

(1)Why is January a good month for shoplifters？

A、Because the shop staff will serve them.

B、Because they are not excellent thieves.

C、Because there are so many people and the staff are busy.

D、Because there are so many wonderful goods in the shops.

(2)Sputniks are to __________________.

A、frighten shoplifters.

B、entertain customers.

C、show the performance of the shoplifters.

D、make films that can be used in evidence.

(3)The woman stealing perfume __________________.

A、checked at the cosmetics counter

B、sensed that Brian was watching her

C、saw the hidden camera

D、was thinking what the sputnik was for

(4)Why the woman opened her bag towards the camera？

A、To show she was sorry for what she had done.

B、Because she was afraid of being arrested.

C、To show she didn’t steal anything.

D、Because she didn’t want the things she had picked up.

(5)The author believes that __________________.

A、shoplifters respect sputniks now

B、to play the hoisting game, you need to be talented

C、the theory in paragraph 5 tells us how sputniks work

D、the case last October let other shops realize sputniks is useful

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第3题

What personal qualities are desirable in a teacher？ I think the following would be gener

ally accepted.

First, the teacher s personality should be lively and attractive. This does not rule out people who are plain-looking, or even ugly, because many such people have great personal charm. But it does rule out such types as the over-excitable, sad, cold, and frustrated.

Secondly, it is not merely desirable but essential for a teacher to have a genuine capacity for sympathy, a capacity to understand the minds and feelings of other people, especially, since most teachers are school teachers, the minds and feelings of children. Closely related with this is the capacity to be tolerant not, indeed, of what is wrong, but of the weaknesses and immaturity of human nature which induce people, and again

especially children, to make mistakes.

Thirdly, I hold it essential for a teacher to be both intellectually and morally honest. This means that he will be aware of his intellectual strengths and limitations, and will have thought about and decided upon the moral principles by which his life shall be guided. There is no contradiction in my going on to say that a teacher should be a bit of an actor. That is part of the technique of teaching, which demands that every now and then a teacher should be able to put on an act to enliven a lesson, correct a fault, or award praise. Children, especially young children, live in a world that is rather larger than life.

A teacher must be capable of infinite patience. This, I may say, is largely a matter of self-discipline and self-training, for we are none of us born like that.

Finally, I think a teacher should have the kind of mind which always wants to go on learning. Teaching is a job at which one will never be perfect; there is always something more to learn about it. There are three principal objects of study: the subjects which the teacher is teaching; the methods by which the subjects can best be taught to the particular pupils in the classes he is teaching; and by far the most important the children, young people, or adults to whom the subjects are to be taught. The two fundamental principles of British education today are that education is education of the whole person, and that it is best acquired through full and active co-operation between two persons, the teacher and the learner.

S1. Plain-looking teachers can also be admired by their students if they have

______________________________________________________________________

S2. The author says it is S2 that teachers be sympathetic with their students.

______________________________________________________________________

S3. A teacher should be tolerant because humans tend to have

______________________________________________________________________

and to be

______________________________________________________________________.

S4. A teacher who is S4 will be able to make his lessons more lively.

______________________________________________________________________

S5. How can a teacher acquire infinite patience？

______________________________________________________________________

S6. Since teaching is a job no one can be perfect at, it is necessary for teachers to keep improving their knowledge of the subjects they teach and their

______________________________________________________________________

S7. Teachers most important object of study is

______________________________________________________________________

S8. Education cannot be best acquired without S8 between the teacher and the learner

______________________________________________________________________

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第4题

Twenty-five years ago most women（）.

A.had no children

B.worked

C.weren't housewives

D.were housewives

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第5题

Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappi

ness may perhaps be regarded as a doubtful question. There is certainly much work which is exceedingly weary and an excess of work is always very painful. I think, however, that, provided work is not excessive in amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful then idleness. There are in work all grades, from mere relief of tedium up to the profoundest delights, according to the nature of the work and the abilities of the worker. Most of the work that most people have to do is not in itself interesting, but even such work has certain great advantages. To begin with, it fills a good many hours of the day without the need of deciding what one shall do. Most people, when they are left free to fill their own time according to their own choice, are at a loss to think of anything sufficiently pleasant to be worth doing. And whatever they decide, they are troubled by the feeling that something else would have been pleasanter. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level. Moreover the exercise of choice is in itself tiresome. Except to people with unusual initiative it is positively agreeable to be told what to do at each hour of the day, provided the orders are not too unpleasant. Most of the idle rich suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from toil. At times they may find relief by hunting big game in Africa, or by flying round the world, but the number of such sensations is limited, especially after youth is past. Accordingly the more intelligent rich men work nearly as hard as if they were poor, while rich women for the most part keep themselves busy with innumerable trifles of those earth-shaking importance they arc firmly persuaded.

Work therefore is desirable, first and foremost, as a preventive of boredom, for the boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though uninteresting work is as nothing in comparison with the boredom that he feels when he has nothing to do with his days. With this advantage of work another is associated, namely that it makes holidays much more delicious when they come. Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to impair his vigor, he is likely to find far more zest in his free time than an idle man could possibly find.

The second advantage of most paid work and of some unpaid work is that it gives chances of success and opportunities for ambition. In most work success is measured by income, and while our capitalistic society continues, this is inevitable. It is only where the best work is concerned that this measure ceases to be the natural one to apply. The desire that men feel to increase their income is quite as much a desire for success as for the extra comforts that a higher income can acquire. However dull work may be, it becomes bearable if it is a means of building up a reputation, whether in the world at large or o01y in one's own circle.

What is the author's opinion about work？

A．Work can keep people busy as if they were poor.

B．Work is a cause of the greatest delight of life.

C．Work is very tiresome, especially when too excessive.

D．Work can at least give relief from boredom.

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第6题

Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappi

ness may perhaps be regarded as a doubtful question. There is certainly much work which is exceedingly weary and an excess of work is always very painful. I think, however, that, provided work is not excessive in amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful than idleness. There are in work all grades, from mere relief of tedium up to the profoundest delights, according to the nature of the work and the abilities of the worker. Most of the work that most people have to do is not in itself interesting, but even such work has certain great advantages. To begin with, it fills a good many hours of the day without the need of deciding what one shall do. Most people, when they are left free to fill their own time according to their own choice, are at a loss to think of anything sufficiently pleasant to be worth doing. And whatever they decide, they are troubled by the feeling that something else would have been pleasanter. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level. Moreover the exercise of choice is in itself tiresome. Except to people with unusual initiative it is positively agreeable to be told what to do at each hour of the day, provided the orders are not too unpleasant. Most of the idle rich suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from toil. At times they may find relief by hunting big game in Africa, or by flying round the world, but the number of such sensations is limited, especially after youth is past, Accordingly the more intelligent rich men work nearly as hard as if they were poor, while rich women for the most part keep themselves busy with innumerable trifles of those earth-shaking importance they are firmly persuaded.

The second advantage of most paid work and of some unpaid work is that it gives chances of success and opportunities for ambition. In most work success is measured by income, and while our capitalistic society continues, this is inevitable. It is only where the best work is concerned that this measure ceases to be the natural one to apply. The desire than men feel to increase their income is quite as much a desire for success as for the extra comforts that a higher income can acquire. However dull work may be, it becomes bearable if it is a means of building up a reputation, whether in the world at large or only in one's own circle.

What is the author's opinion about work？

A．Work can keep people busy as if they were poor.

B．Work is a cause of the greatest delight of life.

C．Work is very tiresome, especially when too excessive.

D．Work can at least give relief from boredom.

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第7题

To combat the trap of putting a premium on being busy， Cal Newport， author of Deep Work： R

ules for Focused Success in a Distracted World， recommends building a habit of “deep work”-the ability to focus without distraction.

There are a number of approaches to mastering the art of deep work- be it lengthy retreats dedicated to a specific task； developing a daily ritual； or taking a “journalistic” approach to seizing moment of deep work when you can throughout the day. Whichever approach， the key is to determine your length of focus time and stick to it.

Newport also recommends “deep scheduling” to combat constant interruptions and get more done in less time. “At any given point， I should have deep work scheduled for roughly the next mouth. Once on the calendar， I protect this time like I would a doctor’s appointment or important meeting”， he writes.

Another approach to getting more done in less time is to rethink how you priorities your day – in particular how we craft our to-do lists. Tim Harford， author of Messy： The Power of Disorder to Transform. Our Lives， points to a study in the early 1980s that divided undergraduates into two groups： some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities； others were told to plan activities and goals in much more detail， day by day.

While the researchers assumed that the well-structured daily plans would be most effective when it came to the execution of tasks， they were wrong： the detailed daily plans demotivated students .Harford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to-do list ineffective， while leaving room for improvisation in such a list can reap the best results.

In order to make the most of our focus and energy， we also need to embrace downtime， or as Newport suggests， “be lazy”.

“Idleness is not just a vacation， an indulgence or a vice； it is as indispensable to the brain as vitamin D is to the body …”[idleness]is， paradoxically， necessary to getting any work done，” he argues.

Srini Pillay， an assistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School， believes this counterintuitive link between downtime and productivity may be due to the may our brains operate. When our brains switch between being focused and unfocused on a task， they tend to be more efficient.

“What people don’t realise is that in order to complete these tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuits in their brain，” says Pillay.

The key to mastering the art of deep work is to .

A.keep to your focus time

B.list your immediate tasks

C.make specific daily plans

D.seize every minute to work

The study in the early 1980s cited by Harford shows that .A.distractions may actually increase efficiency.

B.daily schedules are indispensable to studying

C.students are hardly motivated by monthly goals

D.detailed plans may not be as fruitful as expected

Pillay believes that our brains’ shift between being focused and unfocused .A.can result in psychological well-being

B.can bring about greater efficiency

C.is aimed at better balance in work