题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
In the voyage, when carrying out abandon ship drill, should be test every time.
A.the emergency lighting system for muster and abandon ship
B.air/oil emergency shut-down
C.M.Eemergency operation
D.main/auxiliary steering gear changing
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Charles Darwin (1809-1882) was an English naturalist and biologist. As a boy, Darwin cllected anything that caught his interest insects, coins and interesting stones. Darwin was not very clever, but he was good at doing the things that interested him.
His father was a doctor, so Darwin was sent to Edinburgh to study medicine, and was planned to follow a medical career. But Charles found the lectures were very boring. Then his father sent him to Cambridge University to study to be a priest. While at Cambridge, Darwin' s interest in zoology and geography grew. Later he got a letter from Robert FitzRoy who was planning to make a voyage around the world on a ship, the Beagle. He wanted a naturalist to join the ship, and Darwin was recommendeD.That voyage was the start of Darwin' s great life.
As the Beagle sailed around the world, Darwin began to wonder how life had developed on earth. He began to observe everything. After he went back home, he set to work, getting his collections in order.
His first great work The Zoology of the Beagle was well received, but he was slow to make public his ideas on the origins of life. He was certainly very worried about disagreeing with the accepted views of the Church.
Hapily, the naturalists at Cambridge persuaded Darwin that he must make his ideas publiC.So Darwin and Wallace, another naturalist who had the same opinions as Darwin, produced a paper together.
A year later Darwin's great book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection appeareD.It ttracted a storm. People thought that Darwin was saying they were descended from monkeys. What a shameful idea!
Although most scientists agreed that Darwin was right, the Church was still so strong that Darwin never received any honors for his work.
Afterwards, he published another great work, The Descent of Man. His health grew worse, but he still workeD."When I have to give up observation, I shall die," he saiD.He was still working on 17 April, 1882. He was dead two days later.
Darwin' s theory of evolution is that all life is related and has originated from the common ancestor. Birds and bananas, fish and flowers - all is relateD.Darwin' s general theory presumes the development of life from non-life and stresses a purely naturalistic "descent with modification" . That is, complex creatures evolve from simple ancestors naturally over time. In a nutshell, as random genetic mutations occur within an organism' s genetic code, the beneficial changes are passed on to the next generation. Over time, these changes accumulate and the result is an entirely different organism.
Ancient Greek philosophers such as Anaximander postulated the development of life from non-life and the evolutionary descent of man from animals. Charles Darwin simply brought something new to the old philosophy -a plausible mechanism clled "natural election. Suppose a member developed a functional advantage (it grew wings and learmned to fly), its ofpring would inherit that advantage and pass it on to their offspring. The inferior members of the same species would gradually die out, leaving only the superior members of the species.
Natural selection is the reservation of a functional advantage that enables a species to compete better in the world.
Charles Darwin' s theory has made an enormous impact on the worlD.It has aroused controversy, while at the same time creating a new form. of scientific thought. The greatest controversy involves Darwinism' s clashing views with creationism. Creationism is the broad range of beliet involving God' s intervention, which also explains the origin of the universe, life, and different kinds of plants and animals on earth.
Darwin' s theory also has great influence on modern science. His theory of evolution by natural selection has provided us with a possible answer to where we came from. It gives new meanings to professions such as anthropology and genetics.
46. Which of the following is NOT true about young Darwin？
A.His father wanted him to work at church.
B.He was sent to Cambridge to study zoology.
C.He liked to cllect interesting things.
D.Darwin was not very clever when he was young.
47. Darwin' s father sent him to Edinburgh to.
A.make him like natural history
B.have him give up his cllctin
C.let him change his hobbies
D.make him become a doctor
48. According to the passage, Charles Darwin' s whole life was changed by_
A.his study at Cambridge University
B.his cllection of coins
C.the ntulits at Cambridge
D.the voyage of the Beagle
49.What happened when Darwin published his first great work The Zoology of the Beagle？
A.He wrote a research paper on the origin of lite and published at once.
B.He received criticism from the naturalists at Cambridge.
C.He hesitated and did not show his opinions to the public immediately.
D The naturalists at Cambridge persuaded him to comprise with the church.
50. Why did Darwin never receive an honor？
A.Because the Church held strong disagreement with him.
B.Because his achievements are not significant enough.
C.Because the goverment didn' t like his opinions.
D.Because he would not accept any honors for his work.
A.complete
B.end
C.finish
D.Accomplish
A、 where
B、 which
C、what
D、that
Junk Hunting
淘旧货
Anyone who thinks exploration always involves long journeys should have his head examined.Or, better, he should put on his oldest clothes and go off in search of a junk shop. There are three kinds—one full of discarded books, one full of discarded Government equipment, and one full of discarded anything.A junk shop may have four walls and a roof,or it may be no more than a trestle-table in an open air market;but there is one infallible test:no genuine junk shopkeeper will ever pester you to make up your mind and buy something. And you are no true junk shopper if you march purposefully round the shop as if you knew exactly what you wanteD．You must browse, gently chewing the cud of your idle thoughts, and nibbling here and there as a sight or a touch of the goods that lie about you. Yet you must also possess a penetrating glance, darting your eyes about you to spot the treasures that may lurk beneath the rubbish. This is what makes junk shopping such a satisfying voyage of exploration. You never know what interesting and unexpected thing you may discover next. For in a true junk shop, not even the proprietor is always quite sure what his dusty stock conceals. There is always the chance that you may pick up a first edition, a pair of exotic ear-rings, a piece of early Wedgwood china, or a cine camera—and possess it for the price of fifty cigarettes.
But this kind of treasure hunt is only a sideline to the true junk shopper. The real attraction lies in finding something that catches your own especial fancy, though everybody else may pass it by. An ancient tarnished clock, whose brass beneath your hands will shine anew; empty boxes that you can see transformed into the framework of a bookcase; an old bound volume of magazines of three-quarters of a century ago, which will shed strange sidelights on the ways our great-grandparents behaved and looked at life.
When you begin junk shopping, half the attraction is that you go with absolutely no intention of buying anything. You spend your first couple of Saturday afternoons ambling around among dusty shelves, savouring a page or a chapter as you please, or fingering the piles of oddments that litter counters or tables. At first, be warned, don't try to buy. You may, indeed you should, ask the price of this and that; but just to give you an idea of what the junk shopkeeper thinks you might be willing to pay him.
Later, you will find yourself returning a second and third time to something that has caught your fancy. And when you can hold back no longer, bargaining begins in earnest. This is the other great attraction of the true junk shop. Not only may it hold every conceivable product from every imaginable country; it also transports you to the mediaeval market place or the oriental bazaar, where no price is fixed until buyer and seller have waged a friendly war together, and proved each other's mettle. And this is where your old clothes become important: let no one take you for a rich connoisseur, or you will find yourself paying a rich man's prices. And avoid at all costs the suspicion of an American accent, or in spite of the good nature of all good junk shopkeepers, you will be for it.
The author equates junk shopping with exploration because both involve______.
A．traveling long distances
B．careful preparation
C．a spirit of adventure
D．discovering unheard of places
A.what; when
B.that; when
C.which; when
D.when; when
A.When to hold the meeting
B.When is held the meeting
C.When hold the meeting
It is rude to _____ people when they are talking.
A.interfere
B.interrupt
C.interpret
D.involve
（）the 1500's （） the first Europeans explored the coast of California.
A.It was not until ... when
B.It is until ... that
C.It is not until ... when
D.It was not until ... that
