Unlike most sports,which evolved over time from street games,basketball was designed by on

第1题

Unlike most sports, which evolved over time from street games, basketball was designed by

one man to suit a【C1】______ purpose. The man was Dr. James Naismith, and his purpose was【C2】______ a vigorous game that could be played 【C3】______ in the winter.

In 1891. Naismith was an instructor at a training school, which trained【C4】______ education instructors for the YMCAs. That year the school was trying【C5】______ up with a physical activity that the men could enjoy【C6】______ the football and baseball seasons. None of the standard indoor activities【C7】______ their interest for long. Naismith was asked to solve the problem for the school. He first tried to【C8】______ some of the popular outdoor sports, but they were all too【C9】______ . The men were getting bruised from tackling each other and【C10】______ hit with equipment. So, Naismith decided to invent a game that would incorporate the most common elements of outdoor team sports without having the real physical contact. Most popular sports used a ball, so he chose a soccer ball because it was soft and large enough that it【C11】______ no equipment, such as a hat or a racket to hit it. Next he decided 【C12】______ an elevated goal, so that scoring would depend on skill and accuracy rather than on 【C13】______ only. His goals were two peach baskets,【C14】______ to ten-foot high balconies at each end of the gym. The basic【C15】______ of the game was to throw the ball into the basket. Naismith wrote rules for the game,【C16】______ of which, though with some small changes, are still【C17】______ effect. Basketball was an immediate success. The students【C18】______ it to their friends and the new sport quickly【C19】______ on. Today, basketball is one of the most popular games【C20】______ the world.

【C1】

A．particular

B．especial

C．special

D．specialty

点击查看答案

第2题

Unlike most Europeans, many Americans ______ bacon and eggs for breakfast every day. ( )

Unlike most Europeans, many Americans ______ bacon and eggs for breakfast every day. （)

A.used to eating

B.used to eat

C.are used to eat

D.are used to eating

点击查看答案

第3题

Some people argue that the pressure on international sportsmen and sportswomen kills t

he essence of sport —the pursuit of personal excellence. Children kick a football around for fun. When they get older and play for local school teams, they become competitive but they still enjoy playing. The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself, he has to think only about winning. He is responsible for entire nation’s hopes, dreams and reputation.

A good example is the football Word Cup. Football is the world’s most important sport. Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success. Mention Argentina to someone and the chances are that he’ll think of football. In a sense, winning the World Cup put Argentinaon the map.

Sports fans and supporters get quite unreasonable about the World Cup. People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. Last year thousands of Scots sold their cars, and even their houses, and spent all their money traveling to Argentina, where the finals were played.

So, am I arguing that international competition kills the idea of sport？ Certainly not! Do the Argentinian really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillful at football, their nation is in every way better than all others？ Not really, But it’s nice to know that you won and that in one way at least your country is the best.

1. What is the author’s main purpose in the passage？（）

A. To explain the role of sport

B. To prove that football is the best sport in the world

C. To show that Argentina is better than all others

D. To prove that football is the world’s most important sport

2. In the second paragraph, the word “summit” means “（） ”.

A. award

B. summary

C. highest point

D. mountain top

3. According to the passage, Argentina is world-famous because of its （）.

A. obvious position on the map

B. successes in the football World Cup

C. excellence at most important sports

D. large number of sports fans and supporters

4. According to the passage, if a sportsman only thinks about winning, he will （）.

A. fail to succeed

B. lose enjoyment

C. be successful

D. be unreasonable

5. What is the author’s attitude towards international games？（）

A. Nations that meet on a football field are unlikely to meet on a battlefield

B. Nations that win the football World Cup are regarded as best in all aspects.

C. Nations that win in international games prove the best on the sports field at least.

D. Nations that give much attention to international competitions are world-famous in many ways.

点击查看答案

第4题

Sports and games make our bodies strong, prevent us from getting too fat, and keep us heal

thy. But there are not their only use. They give us valuable practice in making eyes, brain and muscles work together. In tennis, our eyes see the ball coming, judge its speed and direction and pass this information on to the brain. The brain then has to decide what to do, and to send its orders to the muscles of the arms, legs, and so on, so that the ball is met and hit back where it ought to go. All this must happen with very great speed, and only those who have had a lot of practice at tennis can carry out this complicated chain of events successfully. For those who work with their brains most of the day, the practice of such skills is especially useful.

Sports and games are also very useful for character-training. In their lessons at school, boys and girls may learn about such virtues as unselfishness, courage, discipline and love of one's country; but what is learned in books cannot have the same deep effect on a child's character as what is learned by experience. The ordinary day-school cannot give much practical training in living, because most of the pupils' time is spent in classes, studying lessons. So it is what the pupils do in their spare time that really prepares them to take their place in society as citizens when they grow up. If each of them learns to work for his team and not for himself on the football field, he will later find it natural to work for the good of his country instead of only for his own benefit.

When we play tennis we have to ______.

A．use, first, our eyes, then the brain and finally the muscles

B．make our eyes, brain and muscles work almost at the same time

C．use mainly the arms and legs to hit the ball

D．use mainly the muscles so that the ball is met and hit back

点击查看答案

第5题

According to the author, we are most likely to catch a cold if we______.A．attend a party w

According to the author, we are most likely to catch a cold if we______.

A．attend a party with a lot of people

B．stay long hours in the street on a snowy day

C．go out on an extremely cold and windy day

D．go skiing or skating in the open air

点击查看答案

第6题

According to the author, competition differs from conflict in that______.A．it results in w

According to the author, competition differs from conflict in that______.

A．it results in war in most cases

B．it induces efforts to expand territory

C．it is a kind of opposition among social entities

D．it is essentially a struggle for existence

点击查看答案

第7题

In the early 1960s Wilt Chamberlain was one of only three players in the National Basketba

ll Association (NBA)listed at over seven feet. If he had played last season, however, he would have been one of 42. The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames.

The trend in sports, though, may be obscuring an unrecognized reality: Americans have generally stopped growing. Though typically about two inches taller now than 140 years ago, today's people-especially those born to families who have lived in the U. S. for many generations-apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s. And they aren't likely to get any taller. "In the general population today, at this genetic, environmental level, we've pretty much gone as far as we can go," says anthropologist William Cameron Chum-lea of Wright State University. In the case of NBA players, their increase in height appears to result from the increasingly common practice of recruiting players from all over the world.

Growth, which rarely continues beyond the age of 20, demands calories and nutrients-notably, protein--to feed expanding tissues. At the start of the 20th century, under-nutrition and childhood infections got in the way. But as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have, on average, increased in height by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known as the secular trend in height. Yet according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, average height--5 '9" for men, 5'4" for women--hasn't really changed since 1960.

Genetically speaking, there are advantages to avoiding substantial height. During childbirth, larger babies have more difficulty passing through the birth canal. Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs. "There are some real constraints that are set by the genetic architecture of the individual organism," says anthropologist William Leonard of Northwestern University.

Genetic maximums can change, but don't expect this to happen soon. Claire C. Gordon, senior anthropologist at the Army Research Center in Natick, Mass ensures that 90 percent of the uniforms and workstations fit recruits without alteration. She says that, unlike those for basketball, the length of military uniforms has not changed for some time. And if you need to predict human height in the near future to design a piece of equipment, Gordon says that by and large, "you could use today's data and feel fairly confident."

Wilt Chamberlain is cited as an example to ______ .

A．illustrate the change of height of NBA players.

B．show the popularity of NBA players in the U. S.

C．compare different generations of NBA players.

D．assess the achievements of famous NBA players.

点击查看答案

第8题

Jim Thorpe was a Native American. He was born in 1888 in an Indian Territory(印第安人

保护区) that is now Oklahoma. Like most Native American children then, he liked to fish, hunt, swim, and play games outdoors. he was healthy and strong, but he had very little formal education. In 1950, Jim Thorpe was named the greatest American football player. He was also an Olympic gold medal winner. But Thorpe had many tragedies in his life.

Jim had a twin brother who died when he was nine years old. By the time he was 16, his mother and father were also dead. Jim then went to a special school in Pennsylvania for Native American children. There, he learned to read and write and also began to play sports. Jim was poor, so he left school for two years to earn some money. During this time, he played on a baseball team. The team paid him only $ 15 a week. Soon he returned to school to complete his education. Jim was a star athlete (运动员) in several sports, including baseball, running, and football. He won many awards for his athletic ability, mainly for football. In many games, he scored all or most of the points for his team.

In 1912，when Jim Thorpe was 24 years old, he became part of the U.S. Olympic team. He competed in two very difficult events: the pentathlon and the decathlon. Both require great ability and strength. The pentathlon has five track and field events，including the long jump and the 1,500-meter race. The decathlon has ten track and field events，with running, jumping ,and throwing contests.

People thought it was impossible for an athlete to compete in both the pentathlon and the decathlon. So everyone was surprised when Thorpe won gold medals in both events. When the King of Sweden presented Thorpe with his two gold medals, he said, “Sir, you are the greatest athlete in the world.” Thorpe was a simple and honest man. He just answered, “Thanks, King.”

(1)、From the passage we learn that Jim Thorpe was born in ().

A、India

B、Pennsylvania

C、Oklahoma

D、Sweden

(2)、According to the passage, most American Indian children loved all the following EXCEPT

A、fishing

B、hunting

C、swimming

D、singing

(3)、Jim Thorpe started to play sports().

A、before he was nine years old

B、when he was 16 years’ old

C、when he was 24 years old

D、before his parents passed away

(4)、The word “decathlon” in Paragraph 3 probably means ().

A、jumping

B、five track and field events

C、throwing

D、ten track and field events

(5)、Which of the following is NOT TRUE？

A、In 1912, Thorpe went back to finish his college education.

B、Thorpe won two gold medals in the 1912 Olympic Games.

C、Thorpe once played on a baseball team for money.

D、In 1950, Thorpe was named the greatest American football player.

点击查看答案

第9题

2015年12月英语四级考试卷二听力第1题答案

Question 1

- M： Do you remember the wonderful film on space exploration we watched together last month？

- W： Sure。 It’s actually the most impressive one I’ve seen on that topic。

Q：What do we learn about the speakers？

A.They admire the courage of space explorers.

B.They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.

C.They were going to watch a wonderful movie.

D.They like doing scientific exploration very much.

点击查看答案

第10题

Everyone knows how the story of Cinderella ends, but did you ever really think about how s

he spent her days before she met the prince？ Her daily routine was not fascinating. She did everything from sweeping the floor to cooking the meals. If someone had asked Cinderella," Are there any kinds of household work that you particularly hate？" She probably would have answered," Why, none, of course. Housework is my duty!" In the real world, however, most people have definite dislikes for certain sorts of household work. Two of these tasks are ironing clothes and washing dishes.

Ironing clothes is most hated because it is not a task that can be completed quickly or thoughtlessly. Each piece of clothing must be handled individually, so ironing a basket of laundry can take hours! After ironing a piece of clothing with great caution, which requires smoothing out the fabric, and following the seams, you need to place it on a hanger as soon as possible. If you do not follow these directions carefully, it might become wrinkled and you have to start over. Perhaps that is why ironing is not a favorite thing to do. It calls for extreme attention to detail from beginning to end.

Another household job that many people dislike is washing dishes. Of course, some people claim that this work is no longer a problem because we have dishwashers now! However, no one would argue that dishes, silverware, and especially pots and pans washed in a dishwasher don't come out as clean as they do when washed by hand. For this reason, many of us continue to wash our dishes by hand, but we are not necessarily happy doing it. Cleaning dishes is a job that not only takes a lot of energy but also requires the patience to wash and dry them. In addition, unlike ironing clothes, washing dishes is a thing that usually must be done every day. I don't know how Cinderella felt about this particular task, but I believe that most people hate it as much as I do.

For Cinderella, doing household work is ______.

A．all obligation

B．a compulsion

C．an assignment

D．a burden

点击查看答案