题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A.demand for corn is elastic
B.demand for corn is inelastic
C.demand for corn is unit elastic
D.corn has lots of substitutes
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Write your essay on the Answer Sheet in 200-250 words.(30 points)
An English person recently came to your school to give a talk(what was the talk
about？).
He/She left a personal possession (what is it？)at the school(}cuhere exactly？). You
want to return the possession(how will you return it？)but you have had difficulty
contacting the person (howhave you tried to contact him/her？). You have a possible address for the person, but you're not sure if it's correct (why？).
Write a letter to the person.
.Thank them for coming to give the talk.
.Explain the situation.
.Ask them to contact you.
The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of of comprehension. But they show comprehension to consist not just passive assimilation but of active engagement inference and problem-solving. You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and cues (42) _______
Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader. What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or “true” meaning that can be read off and clocked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of the text to the world. (43) _______
Such background material inevitably reflects who we are, (44) _______This doesn’t, however, make interpretation merely relative or even pointless. Precisely because readers from different historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page-including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns-debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values. How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it.
(45)_______such dimensions of read suggest-as others introduced later in the book will also do-that we bring an implicit (often unacknowledged) agenda to any act of reading. It doesn’t then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile than another. Ideally, different kinds of reading inform. each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the reading component of your overall literacy or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.
A、 Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of a given course？ Reading it simply for pleasure？ Skimming it for information？ Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.
B、 Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender ethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretation but at the same time obscure or even close off others.
C、If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the contest. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.
[D]In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had: These might be the ones the author intended.
[E]You make further inferences, for instance, about how the test may be significant to you, or about its validity—inferences that form. the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.
[F]In plays，novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created by the author, not necessarily as mouthpieces for the author’s own thoughts.
[G]Rather, we ascribe meanings to test on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material: between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text’s formal structures (so especially its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text.
41__________
42__________
43__________
44__________
45__________
请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people. Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child-or even an animal, such as a pigeon-can learn to recognize faces, we all take this ability for granted.
We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone' s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.
Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone' s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a "nice face" looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a "nice person" ,you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth.
There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon Allport, an American psychologist, found nearly 18,000 English words characterizing differences in people' s behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing or typing his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types-people are described with such terms.
People have always tried to "type" each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain' s(坏人)or the hero's role. In fact, the words" person" and "personality" come from the Latin persona, meaning "mask". Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the "good guys" from the "bad guys" because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.
By using the example of finger prints the author tells us that （）.
A.people can learn to recognize faces
B.people have different personalities
C.people have difficulty in describing the features of finger prints
D.people differ from each other in facial features
The first step in creating a budget is to set your goals.What does your family needand want？You must know all that to work out the details of the budget.Never spend more than you can.Then decide which goals are the most important.
The next step is estimating(估计)family income.Before you can plan wisely,you need to know how much money you have to spend!Write down aqll themoney you expect to receive(wages,saving,interest,etc.) during the planned budget period.
After you have calculated (计算)how much money will be available,it is time to estimate expenses(开销、支出).List all of your family expenses.
If you are not satisfied with what you got for your money,look carefully at your spending.Studying your records will show where overspending has occerred.It will also point out poor buying habits.
It is also a good idea to set aside a small amount of money for emergencies.Every family has emergencies:a blown tire,a broken device,or the need for medical care.
51.According to the passage,what is the advantage of a budget？
A.It can help you set your goals clearly.
B.It can help you save a lot of money.
C.It can help you get rid of poor buying habits.
D.It can help you spend money wisely.
52.In carrying out your budget,you need ___.
A.to have the ability to control yourself
B.to ask your family members for advice
C.to cut it down as much as possible
D.to take care not to buy expensive things
53.Accordingiy,one advantage of keeping a record of your spending is that ___.
A.you will remember how much you have already spent
B.you will know if you have spent more money than you planned
C.you will be able to tell your family what should not be bought
D.you will learn how to make a better budget next time
54.The writer suggests that it is a good idea to set aside some money because ___.
A.you probably will not be able to follow your budget
B.people usually spend more than they plan to do
C.one can hardly plan everything in advance
D.others may want to borrow some money from you
55.This passage is mainly about ___.
A.the meaning of a budget B.the relation between budget and income
C.the way a budget is made D.the importance of making a budget
It doesn’t have to be that bad.Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech-making.First of all, it is important to plan.Find out everything you can about your subject.And, at the same time, find out as much as you can about your audience.Who are they？ Why are they coming to hear you speak？ Put yourself in their shoes as you prepare your speech.
Ask yourself the purpose of your speech.What is the occasion？ Why are you speaking？ There are many possible speaking roles, and each one has its own special characteristics.Don’t spoil your speech by confusing one speaking role with another.
When you are making your speech, try to relax.Speak slowly and clearly and look at people in your audience.Use simple vocabulary and expressions whenever possible.Pause for a few seconds now and then to give your audience a chance to think about what you have said.
If you follow these steps, you’ll see that you don’t have to be afraid of public speaking.
1.According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is NOT true？()
A.We may make mistakes when making a public speech
B.Most of us don’t know how to make a good public speech
C.We may think that we can never make a good speech
D.Every one of us hopes to have the chance to speak in public
2.What does “put yourself in their shoes” in paragraph2 mean？()
A.Be sure to wear nice clothing when you give your speech
B.Try on their shoes to see if they fit you
C.Take your shoes off when making your speech
D.Try to imagine how they think and feel about your speech
3.What if you confuse one speaking role with another？()
A.You will spoil yourself
B.Your speech will become a complete success
C.You will ruin your speech and make it a failure
D.You will spoil your audience.
4.While making a speech, you are NOT supposed to _______.
A.speak slowly and clearly
B.look at people in your audience
C.use simple vocabulary and expression whenever possible
D.be serious
5.What is the passage mainly about？()
A.The pleasure in making a public speech
B.One should always make a short speech
C.How to overcome your tension
D.How to improve your speaking ability
Steel has given that 20-hour figure when describing her“exhausting”process in the past:“I start thebook and don 't leave my desk until the first draft is finished.”She goes from bed，to desk，to bath，tobed，avoiding all contact aside from phone calls with her nine children."I don 't comb my hair for weeks,”she says.Meals are brought to her desk，where she types until her fingers swell and her nails bleed.The business news website Quartz held Steel up as an inspiration，writing that if only we all followedher“actually extremely liberating"example of industrious sleeplessness，we would be quick to see results.well，indeed.With research results showing the cumulative effects of sleep loss and its impact onproductivity，doubt has been voiced about the accuracy of Steel's self-assessment.Her output may beundeniable，but sceptics have suggested that she is guilty of erasing the role of ghostwriters (代笔人) atworst，gross exaggeration at best.
Steel says working 20 hours a day is “pretty brutal physically.”But is it even possible？“No,”saysMaryanne Taylor of the Sleep Works. While you could work that long，the impact on productivity wouldmake it hardly worthwhile. If Steel was routinely sleeping for four hours a night，she would be drasticallyunderestimating the negative impact，says Alison Gardiner，founder of the sleep improvement programmeSleepstation.“It's akin to being drunk.”
lt's possible that Steel is exaggerating the demands of her schedule. Self-imposed sleeplessness has“become a bit of a status symbol", says Taylor， a misguided measure to prove how powerful and productive you are.Margaret Thatcher was also said to get by on four hours a night，while the 130-hour work weeksendured by tech heads has been held up as key to their success.
That is starting to change with increased awareness of the importance of sleep for mental health.“People are starting to realise that sleep should not be something that you fit in between everything else,"says Taylor .
But it is possible—if statistically extremely unlikely—that Steel could be born a “short sleeper”withan unusual body clock，says sleep expert Dr. Sophie Bostock." It's probably present in fewer than 1% ofthe population.”
Even if Steel does happen to be among that tiny minority，says Bostock，it's “pretty irresponsible”tosuggest that 20-hour days are simply a question of discipline for the rest of us.
46. What do we learn from the passage about Glamour magazine readers？
A) They are intrigued by the exotic romance in Danielle Steel's novels.
B)They are amazed by the number of books written by Danielle Steel.
C)They are deeply impressed by Danielle Steel's daily work schedule.
D)They are highly motivated by Danielle Steel's unusual productivity.47. What did the business news website Quartz say about Danielle Steel？
A) She could serve as an example of industriousness.
B) She proved we could liberate ourselves from sleep.
C) She could be an inspiration to novelists all over the world.
D) She showed we could get all our work done without sleep.48. What do sceptics think of Danielle Steel's work schedule claims？
A) They are questionable.
CThey are irresistible.
B)They are alterable.
D)They are verifiablc.
49. What docs Maryanne Taylor think of self-imposed sleeplessness？
A) It may turn out to be key to a successful career.
B)It may be practiced only by certain tech heads.
C)It may symbolise one's importance and success.
D) It may well serve as a measure of self-discipline.
50. How does Dr. Sophic Bostock look at the 20-hour daily work schedule？
A)One should not adopt it without consulting a sleep expert.
B) The general public should not be encouraged to follow it.
C) One must be duly self-disciplined to adhere to it.
D) The majority must adjust their body clock for it.
They say they want to dress as they please，but all of them wear the same clothes. They set off in new directions in music，but all of them end up huddled round listening to the same record. Their reason for thinking or acting in this and that way is that the crowd is doing it.
It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and go his or her own way. These days every teenager can 1earn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be. And many of today’s parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children.
All this adds up to a great barrier for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path. But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records.
You may have some thoughts that you don’t care to share at once with your classmates. Well，go to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will come-will the people who respect you for who you are. That’s the only kind of popularity that really counts.
The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to tell _____.
A.readers how to be popular with people around
B.teenagers how to learn to decide things for themselves
C.parents how to control and guide their children
D.people how to understand and respect each other
According to the author, many teenagers think they are brave enough to act on their own, but, in fact, most of them _____.A.have much difficulty understanding each other
B.lack confidence
C.dare not cope with problems single-handed
D.are very much afraid of getting lost
Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage ？A.There is no popularity that really counts.
B.What many parents are doing is in fact hindering their children from finding their own paths.
C.It is not necessarily bad for a teenager to disagree with his or her classmates.
D.Most teenagers claim that they want to do what they like to, but they are actually doing the same.
The author thinks of advertisements as _____.A.convincing
B.influential
C.instructive
D.authoritative
During the teenage years, one should learn to _____.A.differ from others in as many ways as possible
B.get into the right season and become popular
C.find one’s real self
D.rebel against parents and the popularity wave
请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
First, know your goals.If you don't know where you're going, you're likely to end up anywhere,or even nowhere.The action plan should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and timed(SMART).It will take you toward the completion of that goal.
Next, list the necessary strategies that will be used to realize the goals.Be clear about very important events, and also any hidden difficulties you may meet.Break large tasks into smaller ones.Set deadlines for each task.Without clear deadlines, some tasks may never get completed.
Thirdly, follow your plan and don't stop until it's finished.Once your plan is made and shared with the team, the next step is simple: take daily action and make sure that everyone is doing their part.
Finally, change the date if you must, but never give up on the goals.Sometimes unexpected situations and events can appear and prevent you from finishing the tasks on time.If this happens, do not be discouraged –change your plan and continue working to meet your goals.
1.Whether you need to have a clear action plan depends on what kind of project you do.()
2.SMART stands for “suitable, measurable, achievable, relevant, timed”.()
3.When making an action plan, you'd better take possible difficulties into consideration.()
4.Don't change your plan even if some unexpected events happen.()
5.This passage is mainly about how to make a good action plan.()
Television works in much the same way as radio.In radio, sound is changed into electromagnetic waves which are sent through the air.Experiments leading to modern television took place more than a hundred years ago.By the 1920s inventors and researchers had turned the early theories into working models.Yet it took another thirty years for TV to become industry.
The influence of TV on the life of the people is incalculable: it can influence their thoughts and their way of life.It can also add to their store of knowledge.Educational TV stations offer teaching in various subjects.Some hospitals use TV for medical students to get close-up views of operations.At first television programs were broadcast in black-and-white.With the development of science and technology, the problem of how to telecast them in full color was solved and by the middle 1960s the national networks were broadcasting most of their programs in color.
The programs that people watch are not only local and national ones.Since the launching of the first communications satellite, more and more programs are telecast ‘live’ from all over the world.People in San Francisco were able to watch the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo.And live telecasts now come form. outer space.In 1969, the first astronauts to land on the moon televised their historic ‘moon walk’ to viewers on the earth.Since then, astronauts have regularly sent telecast to the earth.
1.The launching of communications satellites make it possible for people in San Francisco to ________.
A.get close-up views of operations
B.watch the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo
C.store knowledge
D.watch national programs
2.The development of science and technology made it possible for television programs to ______.
A.be telecast in San Francisco B.be telecast in full color
C.be telecast in Tokyo D.be telecast in black-and-white
3.The word ‘incalculable’ means _____.
A.easy to tell
B.difficult to tell
C.very great
D.very small
4.Television is said to be the modern wonder of electronics, because_____.
A.it influences people’s way of life
B.it brings the world into people’s own home in sight and sound
C.it works as radio
D.it makes people see far
5.Television became an industry in ______.
A.1950
B.the 1950s
C.the 1920s
D.the 1960s
(a) IAS 37 Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets prescribes the accounting and disclosure for those items named in its title.
Required:
Define provisions and contingent liabilities and briefly explain how IAS 37 improves consistency in financial reporting.
(b) The following items have arisen during the preparation of Borough’s draft financial statements for the year ended 30 September 2011:
(i) On 1 October 2010, Borough commenced the extraction of crude oil from a new well on the seabed. The cost of a 10-year licence to extract the oil was $50 million. At the end of the extraction, although not legally bound to do so, Borough intends to make good the damage the extraction has caused to the seabed environment. This intention has been communicated to parties external to Borough. The cost of this will be in two parts: a fixed amount of $20 million and a variable amount of 2 cents per barrel extracted. Both of these amounts are based on their present values as at 1 October 2010 (discounted at 8%) of the estimated costs in 10 years’ time. In the year to 30 September 2011 Borough extracted 150 million barrels of oil.
(ii) Borough owns the whole of the equity share capital of its subsidiary Hamlet. Hamlet’s statement of financial position includes a loan of $25 million that is repayable in five years’ time. $15 million of this loan is secured on Hamlet’s property and the remaining $10 million is guaranteed by Borough in the event of a default by Hamlet. The economy in which Hamlet operates is currently experiencing a deep recession, the effects of which are that the current value of its property is estimated at $12 million and there are concerns over whether Hamlet can survive the recession and therefore repay the loan.
Required:
Describe, and quantify where possible, how items (i) and (ii) above should be treated in Borough’s statement of financial position for the year ended 30 September 2011.
In the case of item (ii) only, distinguish between Borough’s entity and consolidated financial statements and refer to any disclosure notes. Your answer should only refer to the treatment of the loan and should not consider any impairment of Hamlet’s property or Borough’s investment in Hamlet.
Note: the treatment in the income statement is NOT required for any of the items.
The following mark allocation is provided as guidance for this requirement:
(i) 5 marks
(ii) 4 marks
