Women own so many kinds of tools that men ().
A.never saw
B.have never seen
C.never see
D.will never see
A.never saw
B.have never seen
C.never see
D.will never see
Many of the home electric goods which are advertised as liberating the modern women tend to have the opposite effect, so they simply __1__change the nature of work instead of eliminting it. Machines have a certain novelty value, as toys for adults. It is certainly less __2__tired to put clothes in a washing machine, but the time saved does __3__not really amount too much: the machine has to be watched, the __4__clothes have to be carefully sorted out, stains removed by hand,water changed, clothes taken out, aired and ironed. It would be more liberal to pack it all off to a laundary and not necessarily __5__more expensive, since no capital investment is required.Nevertheless, if you really want to save time you do not make __6__cakes with an electric mixer, you buy one in a shop. If one compares the image of the woman in the women's magazine to the goods advertised __7__by those periodicals, one realizes how useful a projected image can be commercially.A careful balance has to be struck: if you show a labor-saving device, follow it up with a complex recipe on the next page; on __8__any account hint at the notion that a woman could get herself a __9__job, but instead foster her sense of her own usefulness, emphasize __10__the creative aspect of her funtion as a housewife.
In 1849, after graduation from medical school, she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师), but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.
Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school for women.
(1) Why couldn’t Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon?
A.She couldn’t get admitted to medical school.
B.She decided to further her education in Paris.
C.A serious eye problem stopped her.
D.It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States.
(2) What main obstacle almost destroyed Elizabeth’s chances for becoming for a doctor?
A.She was a woman.
B.She wrote too many letters.
C.She couldn’t graduate from medical school.
D.She couldn’t set up her hospital.
(3) How many years passed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital?
A.Eight years B.Ten years
C.Nineteen years D.Thirty-six years
(4) According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts” in the life of Elizabeth Blackwell,
A.became the first woman physician.
B.was the first woman doctor.
C.and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children.
D.set up the first medical school for women.
(5) Elizabeth Blackwell spent most of her lift in_______.
A.England
B.Paris
C.the United States
D.New York City
A.Never have so many women
B.Never have women ever
C.Never so many women
D.Never have there be so many women
A、so as to
B、as well as
C、so
D、as
Until recently, most American entrepreneurs(企业家) were men. Discrimination against women in business, the demands of caring for families, and lack of business training had kept the number of women entrepreneurs small. Now, however, businesses owned by women account for more than $40 billion in annual revenues, and this figure is likely to continue rising throughout the 1980s. As Carolyn Doppelt Gray, an official of the Small Business Administration, has noted, "The 1970s was the decade of women entering management, and the 1980s has turned out to be the decade of the woman entrepreneur."
What are some of the factors behind this trend? For one thing, as more women earn advanced degrees in business and enter the corporate world, they are finding obstacles. Women are still excluded from most executive suites. Charlotte Taylor, a management consultant, had noted, "In the 1970s women believed if they got an MBA and worked hard, they could become chairman of the board. Now they've found out that isn't going to happen, so they go out on their own."
In the past, most women entrepreneurs worked in "women's" fields—cosmetics and clothing, for example. But this is changing. Consider ASK Computer Systems, a $22-million-a-year computer software business. It was founded in 1973 by Sandra Kurtzig, who was then a housewife with degrees in math and engineering. When Kurtzig founded the business, her first product was software that let weekly newspapers keep tabs on their newspaper carriers—and her office was a bedroom at home, with a shoebox under the bed to hold the company's cash. After she succeeded with the newspaper software system, she hired several bright computer-science graduates to develop additional programs. When these were marketed and sold. ASK began to grow. It now has 200 employees, and Sandra Kurtzig owns $66.9 million of stock.
Of course, many women who start their own businesses fail, just as men often do. They still face hurdles in the business world, especially problems in raising money; the Banking and finance world is still dominated by men, and old attitudes die hard. Most businesses owned by women are still quite small.
But the situation is changing; there are likely to be many more Sandra Kurtzigs in the years ahead.
All of the following were mentioned in the passage as prejudices against women in the business world EXCEPT ______.
A.women were not trained in business
B.women lacked ability to work in business
C.women were required to stay at home with their families
D.women face discrimination in business
Its time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at work. Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life. It will only slow you down and hinder your career goals.
Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted? Nearly twice as many women than men ages 18-44 reported feeling very tired or exhausted, according to a recent study.
This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when women have children. It’s also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home. One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying "no." Women want to be able to do it all volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals-and so their answer to any request is often Yes, I can.
Women struggle to say no in the workplace for similar reasons, including the desire to be liked by their colleagues. Unfortunately, this inability to say "no" may be hurting women's heath as well as their career.
At the workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they don't want to be viewed as aggressive or disruptive at work. For example, theres a problem that needs to be addressed immediately, resulting in a dispute over should be the one to fix it. Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefits them most, whereas women may approach the same dispute from the perspective of what's the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problemeven if that means doing the boring work themselves.
This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a leadership position and who does not. Leaders have to be able to delegate and manage resources wiselyincluding staff expertise. Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion. Instead, it may highlight your inability to delegate effectively.
51. What does the author say is the problem with women?
A、They are often unclear about the career goals to reach.
B、They are usually more committed at home than on the job.
C、They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could go.
D、They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability.
52. Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy?
A、They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and home.
B、They are too devoted to work and unable to relax as a result.
C、They do their best to cooperate with their workmates.
D、They are obliged to take up too many responsibilities.
53. What may hinder the future prospects of career women?
A、Their unwillingness to say no.
B、Their desire to be considered powerful.
C、An underestimate of their own ability.
D、A lack of courage to face challenges.
54. Men and woman differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that______.
A、women tend to be easily satisfied
B、men are generally more persuasive
C、men tend to put their personal interests first
D、women are much more ready to compromise
55. What is important to a good leader?
A、A dominant personality.
C、The courage to admit failure
B、The ability to delegate.
D、A strong sense of responsibility.
【C1】
A.possessing
B.attending
C.participating
D.joining
But there is a difference. In the original omiai, the young Japanese couldn't reject the partner chosen by his parents and their middlernan. After World War II, many Japanese abandoned the arranged marriage as part of their rush to adopt the more democratic ways of their American conquerors. The Western ren'ai kekkon , or love marriage, became popular; Japanese began picking their own mates by dating and falling in love.
But the Western way was often found wanting in an important respect: it didn't necessarily produce a partner of the right economic, social, and educational qualifications. "Today's young people are quite calculating," says Chieko Akiyama, a social commentator.
What seems to be happening now is a repetition of a familiar process in the country's history, the "Japanization" of an adopted foreign practice. The Western ideal of marrying for love is accommodated in a new orniai in which both parties are free to reject the match. "Omiai is evolving into a sort of stylized introduction," Mrs. Akiyama says.
Many young Japanese now date in their early twenties, but with no thought of marriage. When they reach the age—in the middle twenties for women, the late twenties for men—they increasingly turn to omiai. Some studies suggest that as many as 40% of marriages each year are omiai kekkon. It's hard to be sure, say those who study the matter, because many Japanese couples, when polled, describe their marriage as a love match even if it was arranged.
These days, doing omiai often means going to a computer matching service rather than to a nakodo. The nakodo of tradition was an old woman who knew all the kids in the neighborhood and went around trying to pair them off by speaking to their parents; a successful match would bring her a wedding invitation and a gift of money. But Japanese today find it's less awkward to reject a proposed partner if the nakodo is a computer.
Japan has about five hundred computer matching services. Some big companies, including Mitsubishi, run one for their employees. At a typical commercial service, an applicant pays $80 to $ 125 to have his or her personal data stored in the computer for two years and $ 200 or so more if a marriage results. The stored information includes some obvious items, like education and hobbies, and some not-so-obvious ones, like whether a person is the oldest child. (First sons, and to some extent first daughthers, face an obligation of caring for elderly parents. )
According to the passage, today's young Japanese prefer______.
A.a traditional arranged marriage
B.a new type of arranged marriage
C.a Western love marriage
D.a more Westernized love marriage
(1)Twenty-five years ago most women().
A.had no children
B.worked
C.weren’t housewives
D.were housewives
(2)In those days men ().
A.saw their children in the evenings and on weekends
B.spent a lot of time with their children
C.played with the children all day
D.never saw the children
(3)Today there are ().
A.more housewives
B.more women working outside the home
C.not so many women working
D.no jobs for women
(4)Day-care centers help ().
A.working mothers with their children
B.housewives
C.with cooking and cleaning
D.women with the housework
(5)This passage is about ().
A.housewives
B.American men
C.how many American women are working
D.how family life in America is changing
So much is certain: that we would have doctors and preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and births; but our spiritual outlook would be different. We would lay less stress on "facts and figures" and more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow citizens. If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form. of "college" imaginable. Among the people whom we like to call savages all knowledge inherited by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect everybody is equally equipped for life.
It is the ideal condition of the "equal start" which only our most progressive forms of modem education try to regain. In primitive cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding to all. There are no "illiterates"--if the term can be applied to people without a script--while our own compulsory school attendance became law in Germany in 1642, in France in 1806, and in England 1876, and is still non-existent in a number of "civilized" nations. This shows how long it was before we deemed it necessary to make sure that 'all our children could share in the knowledge accumulated by the "happy few" during the past centuries.
Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. All are entitled to an equal start. There is none of the hurry which, in our society, often hampers the full development of a growing personality. There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents, therefore the jungles and the grasslands know of no "juvenile delinquency". No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children and no father is confronted with his inability to "buy" an education for his child.
The word "interest" in the first paragraph most probably means ______.
A.pleasure
B.returns
C.share
D.knowledge