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Passage Four:Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.For any given task in B

ritain there are more men than are needed. Strong unions keep them there in Fleet Street, home of some London’s biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two. That means 33 per cent overmanning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained.

A reporter who has visited plants throughout Europe has an impression that the pace of work is much slower here. Nobody tries too hard. Tea breaks do matter and are frequent. It is hard to measure intensity of work, but Britons give a distinct impression of going at their tasks in a more leisurely way.

But is all this so terrible？ It certainly does not improve the gross national product or output per worker. Those observant visitors, however, have noticed something else about Britain. It is a pleasant place.

Street crowds in Stockholm. Paris and New York move quickly and silently heads down, all in a hurry. London crowds tend to walk at an easy pace (except in the profitable, efficient City, the financial district).

Every stranger is struck by the patient and orderly way in which Britons queue for a bus: if the saleswoman is slow and out of stock she will likely say, ‘oh dear, what a pity’; the rubbish collectors stop to chat (聊天) and call the housewives “Luv.” Crime rises here as in every city but there still remains a gentle tone and temper that is unmatched in Berlin, Milan or Detroit.

In short, what is wrong with Britain may also be what is right. Having reached a tolerable standard, Britons appear to be choosing leisure over goods.

第36题：What happens when disputes over job opportunities arise among British unions？

A) Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work.

B) More people will be employed than necessary.

C) More jobs will be created by the government.

D) The unions will try to increase productivity.

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更多“Passage Four:Questions 36 to 4…”相关的问题

第1题

The Olympic Games are held every four years in a different city in the world. （Passage 3)

The Olympic Games are held every four years in a different city in the world. (Passage 3)

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第2题

What can you infer（推测) from the passage？

A.People from the UK can only speak Englis

B.People from the four areas of the UK can all be called “British”.

C.People from the four areas of the UK have the same accent and personality.

D.People from the four areas of the UK all love football.

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第3题

Without a passport, leaving the country is ______. A. in question B. without questio

Without a passport, leaving the country is ______.

A. in question

B. without question

C. out of the question

D. out of question

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第4题

Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of weight as being a fixed quality in

an object, but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a one pound packet of butter 4,000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.

Why would things weigh only a quarter as much as they do at the surface of the earth if we took them 4,000 miles out into space？ The reason is this: All objects have a natural attraction for all other objects; this is called gravitational attraction, but this power of attraction between two objects gets weaker as they get farther apart. When the butter was at the surface of the earth, it was 4,000 miles from the center (in other words the radius[半径] of the earth is 4,000 miles). When we took the butter 4,000 miles out, it was 8,000 miles from the center, which is twice the distance.

If you double the distance between two objects, their gravitational attraction decreases (减少) two times two. If you treble (成三倍) the distance, it gets nine times weaker (three times three). If you take it four times as far away, it gets sixteen times weaker (four times four ) and so on.

The best title for this passage is______.

A．The Earth Weight

B．Weight in Space

C．Changing Weight on the Earth

D．Weight on and off the Earth

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第5题

Researchers have found that REM（rapid eye movement)sleep is important to human beings. Thi

Researchers have found that REM(rapid eye movement)sleep is important to human beings. This type of sleep generally occurs four or five times during one night of sleep lasting five minutes to forty minutes for each occurrence. The deeper a persons sleep becomes, the longer the periods of rapid eye movement. There are physical changes in the body to show that a person has changed from NREM(non-rapid eye movement)to REM sleep. Breathing becomes faster, the heart rate increases, and, as the name implies, the eyes begin to move quickly. Accompanying these physical changes in the body there is a very important characteristic of REM sleep. It is during REM sleep that a person dreams.

According to the passage, how often does REM sleep occur in one night？

A．Once.

B．Twice.

C．Four or five times.

D．Forty times.

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第6题

In the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morni

ng. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 pm. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he assumes it's a matter of life or death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance. In social life, time plays a very important part. In the U.S.A. guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the are parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings arise between people from different cultures that treat time differently. Promptness is valued highly in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the U.S. no one would think of keeping a business associate waiting for an hour, it would be too impolite. A person, who is 5 minutes late, will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.

1.What is the main idea of this passage？ ()

A. It is not customary to telephone someone in the morning and in sleeping hours in the U.S.

B. The role of time in social life over the world.

C. If people are late, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible in the U.S.

D. Not every country treats the concept of time as the same.

2. What does it mean in the passage if you call someone during his or her sleeping hours？ ()

A. A matter of work.

B. A matter of life or death.

C. You want to see him or her.

D. You want to make an appointment with him or her.

3. Which of the following time is proper if you want to make an appointment with your friend in the U.S. A.？（）

A.at 7:00 am

B.at 4:00 pm

C.at the midnight

D.at 4 am

4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？ ()

A. In the U.S.A. guests tend to feel they are highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.

B. No misunderstandings arise between people from different cultures about the concept of time.

C. It may be considered foolish to make an appointment well in advance in the U.S.A..

D. Promptness is valued highly in American life.

5. From the passage we can safely infer that().

A. it’s a matter of life or death if you call someone in day time.

B. the meaning of time differs in different parts of the world.

C. it makes no difference in the U.S. whether you are early or late for a business party.

D. if a person is late for a date, he needn’t make some explanation.

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第7题

The Olympic Games originated in 776 B.C. in Olympia, a small town in Greece. Participants in the first Olympiad are said to have run a 200-yard race, but as the Games were held every four years, they expanded in scope. Only Greek amateurs were allowed to participate in this festival in honor of the god Zeus. The event became a religious, patriotic, and athletic occasion where winners were honored with wreaths and special privileges. They were banned in 394 A.D. by Emperor Theodosius, after they became professional circuses and carnivals.

The modern Olympic Games began in Athens in 1896 as a result of the initiative of Baron Pierre de Coubertin, a French educator whose desire was to promote international understanding through athletics. Nine nations participated in the first Games; over 100 nations currently compete.

The taint of politics and racial controversy, however, has impinged upon the Olympic Games in our epoch. In 1936 Hitler, whose country hosted the Games, affronted Jesse Owens, a black American runner, by refusing to congratulate Owens for the feat of having won four gold medals. In the 1972 Munich Games, the world was appalled by the deplorable murder of eleven Israeli athletes by Arab terrorists, The next Olympic Games in Montreal were boycotted by African nations; in addition, Taiwan Province withdrew. In 1980, following the former Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, sixty-two nations caused great dismay to their athletes by refusing to participate in the Games. The consensus among those nations was that their refusal would admonish the Soviets.

According to the passage, the first Olympic games were held （）.

A.as a religious festival

B.for political reasons

C.as an international competition

D.as a professional athletes' competition

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第8题

The invention of telephone has greatly eased the communication among people，but callers

should be careful about when to make a phone call or it will cause embarrassments.

It is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning in the USA. If someone is called very early in the morning，while he is shaving or having breakfast，the time of the call indicates great importance of the matter which requires immediate attention of the person called. The same implication is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m. at night. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours，he assumes it’s an urgency of life or death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance. Time plays a very important role in our social life as you can imagine. In the USA an invitation should be sent to the guests in advance because guests usually believe that they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not always necessarily true of the case all over the world. In some other countries，it may be taken stupid to make an appointment too far in advance because plans made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The concept of time varies in different regions of the world. Thus，misunderstandings are sometimes inevitable between men of different cultural backgrounds that treat time differently. Promptness is valued highly in America，for example. A lack of promptness is regarded as being impolite or not being fully responsible. In the US it would be incredible to keep a business partner or a guest waiting for an hour，and it would be too impolite and unacceptable by their social etiquettes. A person who is 5 minutes late is expected to give some words of explanation to the people waiting，though he might not complete his sentence.

16. What is the main idea of this passage？

A. It is not customary to telephone someone in the morning or in sleeping hours in the US.

B. The role of time in social life over the world..

C. If people are not prompt，they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible in the US.

D. Not every country treats the concept of time as the same.

17. What does it mean according to the passage if you call someone during his or her sleeping hours？

A. A matter of work.

B. A matter of life or death.

C. You want to see him or her.

D. You want to make an appointment with him or her.

18. Which of the following time is proper if you want to make an appointment with your friend？

A. At 7:00 a.m.

B. At 4:00 p.m.

C. At the midnight.

D. At 4:00 a.m.

19. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？

A. In the USA guests tend to feel they are highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is expended only three or four days before the party date.

B. There id no misunderstanding between people from different cultures about the concept of time.

C. It may be considered foolish to make an appointment well in advance in the USA.

D. Being on time is highly valued in America.

20. From the passage we can infer that ____________.

A. it’s a matter of life or death if you call someone in daytime

B. the meaning of time differs in different parts of the world

C. it makes no difference in the US whether you are early or late for a business party

D. if a person is late for a date，he needn’t make any explanation

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第9题

The greatest change has been in the lives of women. During the twentieth century there h

as been a remarkable shortening of the time of woman's life spent in caring for children. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman's youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and can be expected to live another thirty years and is likely to take paid work until retirement, at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by modem living conditions.

This important change in women's life pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women's economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first chance, and most of them took a full time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen. Many girls stay at school after that age, and though women usually marry younger, more married women stay at least until shortly before their first child is born. Many more afterwards return to fuller part-time job. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life, and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the house, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.

6. According to the passage, around the year 1900 most women married ____.

A. at about twenty-five

B. in their early fifties

C. as soon as possible after they were fifteen

D. at any age from fifteen to forty-five

7. We are told that in a common family in 1890s _____.

A. seven or eight children lived to be more man five

B. many children died before they were five

C. the youngest children would be fifteen

D. four or five children died when they were five

8. When she was over fifty, the late nineteenth century mother ____.

A. would be healthy enough to take paid jobs

B. was usually expected to die fairly soon

C. was unlikely to find a job if she wanted one

D. would expect to work till she died

9. According to the passage, the women of today usually____.

A. marry instead of getting paid work

B. marry before they are twenty-five

C. have more children under fifteen

D. have too few children

10. The best title for this passage is____.

A. Women’s Life

B. The Change of Women's life

C. Women's Marriage

D. Women's New Life

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第10题

Successful innovations have driven many older technologies to extinction and have resulted

in higher productivity, greater consumption of energy, increased demand for raw materials, accelerated flow of materials through the economy and increased quantities of metals and other substances in use each person. The history of industrial development abounds with examples.

In 1870, horses and mules were the prime source of power on U. S. farms. One horse or mule was required to support four human beings—a ratio that remained almost constant for many decades. At that time, had a national commission been asked to forecast the horse and the population for 1970, its answer probably would have depended on whether its consultants were of an economic or technological turn of mind. Had they been "economists" , they would probably have projected the 1970 horse or mule population to be more than 50 million. Had they been "technologists", they would have recognized that the power of steam had already been harnessed to industry and to land and ocean transport. They would have recognized further that it would be the prime source of power on the farm. It would have been difficult for them to avoid the conclusion that the horse and mule population would decline rapidly.

According to the passage, what supplied most of the power on U. S. farms in 170？

A．Animals.

B．Humans.

C．Engines.

D．Water.

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第11题

Passage Four Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. In 1854 my great-gra

Passage Four Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.

In 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for $500. For his white slave master, the sale was just “business as usual.” But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans continued under racial segregation for nearly another century.

The fundamental problem of American democracy in the 21st century is the problem of “structural racism” the deep patterns of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that are coded by race, and constantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereotypes and white indifference. Do Americans have the capacity and vision to remove these structural barriers that deny democratic rights and opportunities to millions of their fellow citizens？

This country has previously witnessed two great struggles to achieve a truly multicultural democracy.

The First Reconstruction (1865-1877) ended slavery and briefly gave black men voting rights, but gave no meaningful compensation for two centuries of unpaid labor. The promise of “40 acres and a mule (骡子)”was for most blacks a dream deferred (尚未实现的).

The Second Reconstruction (1954-1968), or the modern civil rights movement, ended legal segregation in public accommodations and gave blacks voting rights. But these successes paradoxically obscure the tremendous human costs of historically accumulated disadvantage that remain central to black Americans’ lives.

The disproportionate wealth that most whites enjoy today was first constructed from centuries of unpaid black labor. Many white institutions, including some leading universities, insurance companies and banks, profited from slavery. This pattern of white privilege and black inequality continues today.

Demanding reparations (赔偿) is not just about compensation for slavery and segregation. It is, more important, an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racial deficits” of all kinds, the unequal conditions that impact blacks regardless of class. Structural racism’s barriers include “equity inequity.” the absence of black capital formation that is a direct consequence of America’s history. One third of all black households actually have negative net wealth. In 1998 the typical black family’s net wealth was $16,400, less than one fifth that of white families. Black families are denied home loans at twice the rate of whites.

Blacks remain the last hired and first fired during recessions. During the 1990-91 recession, African-Americans suffered disproportionately. At Coca-Cola, 42 percent of employees who lost their jobs were blacks. At Sears, 54 percent were black, Blacks have significantly shorter life spans, in part due to racism in the health establishment. Blacks are statistically less likely than whites to be referred for kidney transplants or early-stage cancer surgery.

36. To the author, the auction of his great-grandfather is a typical example of ________.

A) crime against humanity

B) unfair business transaction

C) racial conflicts in Georgia

D) racial segregation in America

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