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1 For the Greeks, beauty was a virtue: a kind of excellence. Persons then were assumed to

be what we now have to call—lamely, enviously—whole persons. If it did occur to the Greeks to distinguish between a person's "inside" and "outside," they still expected that inner beauty would be matched by beauty of the other kind. The well-born young Athenians who gathered around Socrates found it quite paradoxical that their hero was so intelligent, so brave, so honorable, so seductive—and so ugly. One of Socrates' main pedagogical acts was to be ugly—and teach those innocent, no doubt splendid-looking disciples of his how full of paradoxes life really was.

2 They may have resisted Socrates' lesson. We do not. Several thousand years later, we are more wary of the enchantments of beauty. We not only split off—with the greatest facility—the "inside"(character, intellect) from the "outside" (looks); but we are actually surprised when someone who is beautiful is also intelligent, talented, good.

3 It was principally the influence of Christianity that deprived beauty of the central place it had in classical ideals of human excellence. By limiting excellence (virtus in Latin) to moral virtue only, Christianity set beauty adrift—as an alienated, arbitrary, superficial enchantment. And beauty has continued to lose prestige. For close to two centuries it has become a convention to attribute beauty to only one of the two sexes, the sex which, however fair, is always Second. Associating beauty with women has put beauty even further on the defensive, morally.

4 A beautiful woman, we say in English, but a handsome man. "Handsome" is the masculine equivalent of—and refusal of—a compliment which has accumulated certain demeaning overtones, by being reserved for women only. That one can call a man "beautiful" in French and in Italian suggests that Catholic countries—unlike those countries shaped by the Protestant version of Christianity—still retain some vestiges of the pagan admiration for beauty. But the difference, if one exists, is of degree only. In every modern country that is Christian or post-Christian, women are the beautiful sex—to the detriment of the notion of beauty as well as of women.

The author means ______ by "whole persons" in Para.

A．persons of beauty

B．persons of virtue

C．persons of excellence

D．none of the above

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更多“1 For the Greeks, beauty was a…”相关的问题
第1题
The ancient Greeks developed basic memory systems called Mnemonics. The name is （1) from their G

The ancient Greeks developed basic memory systems called Mnemonics. The name is(1)from their Goddess of Memory, Mnemosene. In the ancient world, a trained memory was an(2)asset, particularly in public life. There were no(3)devices for taking notes and early Greek orators (演说家) delivered long speeches with great(4)because they learned the speeches using Mnemonic systems.

The Greeks discovered that human memory is(5)an associative process—that it works by linking things together. For example, think of an apple. The(6)your brain registers the word "apple", it(7)the shape, colour, taste, smell and(8)of that fruit. All these things are associated in your memory with the word "apple".

(9). An example could be when you think about a lecture you have had. This could trigger a memory about what you were talking about through that lecture, which can then trigger another memory.

(10). An example given on a website I was looking at follows: Do you remember the shape of Austria, Canada, Belgium or Germany？ Probably not. What about Italy, though？(11)You made an association with something already known, the shape of a boot, and Italy's shape could not be forgotten once you had made the association.

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第2题
Which description of the traditional Greek religion is incorrect？（)

A.Ancient Greeks believed that the gods have human forms and human personality.

B.For the Greeks, the gods only favored those people and states that honored them.

C.In ancient Greece, the main religious ceremony took place inside the temple.

D.Oracles also played an important part in the Greek religion and beliefs.

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第3题
In 776 BC, the first Olympic Games were held at the foot of Mount Olympus to honor th
e Greeks' chief god, Zeus.(公元前776年，第一次奥运会在奥林匹斯山下举行以纪念希腊主神，宙斯。)The Greeks emphasized physical fitness and strength in their education of youth. Therefore, contests in running, jumping, discus and javelin throwing, boxing, and horse and chariot racing were held in individual cities. The participants competed every four years at Mount Olympus. The winners were greatly honored by having olive wreaths placed on their heads and having poems sung about their deeds. Originally, these were held as games of friendship, and any wars in progress were stopped to allow the games to take place.

The Greeks attached so much importance to these games that they calculated time in four-year cycles called “Olympiads” dating from 776 BC

1.Which of the following is NOT true？

A.The winners placed olive wreaths on their shoulders.

B.The games were held in Greece every four years

C.Battles were interrupted to participate in the games.

D.Poems glorified the winners in song

2.Why were the Olympic Games held？

A.To stop wars.

B.To honor Zeus

C.To crown the best athletes.

D.To sing songs about the athletes

3.Approximately how many years ago did these games originate？

A.800 years.

B.1200 years.

C.2300 years.

D.2800 years

4.Which of the following contests was NOT mentioned？

A.Discus throwing.

B.Boxing.

C.Skating.

D.Running

5.What conclusion can we draw about the ancient Greeks？

A.They like to fight.

B.They were very athletic

C.They liked a lot of ceremonies.

D.They couldn’t count, so they used “Olympiads” for dates

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第4题

Did you know that all human beings have a "comfort zone" regulating the distance they stand from someone when they talk？ This distance varies in interesting ways among people of different cultures.

Greeks, some of the Eastern Mediterraneen, and many of those from South America normally stand quite close together when they talk, often moving their faces even closer as they warm up in a conversation. North Americans find this awkward and often back away a few inches. Studies have found that they tend to feel most comfortable at about 21 inches apart. In much of Asia and Mrica, there's even more space between two speakers in conversation. This greater space subtly lends an air of dignity and respect. This matter of space is nearly always unconscious, but it is interesting to observe.

This difference applies also to the closeness with which people sit together, the extent to which they lean over one another in conversation, how they move as they argue or make an emphatic (强调的) point. In the United States, for example, people try to keep their bodies apart even in a crowded elevator, in Paris they take it as it comes!

Although North Americans have a relatively wide" comfort zone" for talking, they communicate a great deal with their hands--not only with gesture but also with touch. They put a sympathetic hand on a person' s shoulder to demonstrate warmth of feeling, or an arm around him in sympathy; they pat an arm in reassurance(放心)or stroke a child's head in fondness; they readily take someone's arm to help him across a street or direct him along an unfamiliar mute. To many people -- especially those from Asia or the Moslem(穆斯林) countries--such bodily contact is unwelcome, especially if done with the left hand. The left hand carries no special significance in the U. S. Many Americans are simple left and use that hand more.

In terms of bodily distance, North Americans  （）.

A.are the same to South Americans

B.stand even closer than Greeks

C.feel embarrassed when too close

D.stand nearer during a conversation

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第5题

The first ancient Olympics were held in 776 B.C. The games got their name from Olympia, the Greek city where they took place. Like the summer Olympics of today, the ancient Olympics were held every four years.

Thousands of people from all over the Greek world came to watch. The main stadium held about 45,000 people. "We have accounts of visitors and pilgrims setting up tents all around the site", Lisa Cerrato of Tufts University said.

During the first Olympics, there was only one competition—a 200-meter race. But over time the games grew to include wrestling, chariot racing, boxing, and other sports. Women were not allowed to compete, but they had their own separate games.

"The ancient athlete became celebrities(名人), just like today. They often lived the rest of their lives being treated to free dinners", Cerrato said. "City-states even tried to steal away each other's athletes by offering them various awards".

The ancient Olympics existed until A.D. 393. But the modern Olympics are still going strong.

Where did the ancient Greeks hold their first Olympics？（）

A.In Athens.

B.In Olympics.

C.In a town.

D.In a state.

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第6题
To us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains.Bu
t actually the umbrella was not invented as protection.against the rain,It was first used as a shade against the sun!

(42)Nobody knows who first invented it but the umbrella was used in very ancient times.Probably the first to use it were the Chinese,way back in the eleventh century B C.We know that the umbrella was also used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade.

(43) And there was a strange thing connected with its use--it became a symbol of honor and authority.In the Far East in ancient times,the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royal people or by those in high office.n Europe,the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade.And the umbrella was in commonly use in ancient Greece.

(44) But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the umbrellas as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans.Duringthe Middle Ages,the use of the umbrella practically disappeared.Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century.And again it became a symbol of power and authority. Umbrellas have hot changed much in style. during all this time,though they have become much lighter in weight.

(45) It wasn’t until the twentieth century that women ’s umbrellas began to made in a variety of colors.

41___________________________________________

42___________________________________________

43___________________________________________

44___________________________________________

45___________________________________________

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第7题
During the Olympic Games, people from all over the world come together in peace and friend
ship. The first Olympic Games that we have【21】of were in Greece in 776 B.C. The games lasted one day. The only【22】in the first thirteen Olympic Games was a race. Men ran the length of the stadium. In 1896 the games were【23】again in Athens, Greece. The Greeks【24】a new stadium for the competition. 311【25】from thirteen countries【26】in many events. The【27】became national heroes. After 1896, the games were held every four years during the summer in different cities around the【28】. In 1908, in London, England, the first gold【29】were given to winning athletes. The Olympic Winter Games【30】in 1924 in Chamonix, France. Athletes competed in【31】events such as skiing, ice skating and ice hockey. Today the Winter Games take place【32】four years. Until recently, Olympic competitors could not be【33】athletes. All of the athletes in the Olympic Games were amateurs. Today,【34】, many of the Olympic athletes are professionals who play their sports【35】money during the year. Some people disagree with this idea.

(36)

A．books

B．history

C．records

D．publications

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第8题
Americans are getting ready for the biggest soccer event in the world. For the first t

ime the world cup soccer competition will be held in the United States. While millions play the game around the world, soccer or football has only recently become popular here. It is only in the last 30 years that large numbers of young Americans became interested in soccer. Now it is the fastest growing sport in the country. A recent study found that almost 18 million young boys and girls play soccer in the United States.

The study also found that soccer is beginning to replace more traditional games like American football as the most popular sport among students. And so, when the world cup begins next week, more than one million Americans are expected to go and see the teams play. Organizers say this year’s world cup will be the biggest ever. All the seats at most of the 52 games have already been sold.

Soccer has been played in the United States for a little more than one hundred years. But how did the sport come to this country？ And how long has it existed in other parts of the world？ No one knows exactly where the idea for soccer came from, or when people began playing the game. Some scientists say there is evidence that ball games using the feet were played thousands of years ago. There is evidence that ancient Greeks and Romans and native American Indians all played games sim­ilar to soccer.

Most experts agree that Britain is the birthplace of modem soccer. They also agree that the British spread the game around the world. Unlike the game today, which uses balls of man-made material or leather, early soccer balls were often made of animal stomachs. The rules of early soccer games also differed from those we have today.

1.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the text？()

A.Americans were preparing for the world cup when the author wrote this article

B.More younger Americans became interested in soccer in the last 30 years

C.Soccer is the fastest developing sport in the world

D.The article was written before the world cup held in the United States

2.Which was the most popular sport as a traditional game among students？()

A.Basketball

B.American football

C.Soccer

D.Tennis

3.For how long has soccer been played in the United States？()

A.About a hundred years

B.About fifty years

C.Only recently

D.About thirty years

4.What is the author going to state in the next paragraph？()

A.There have been attempts to start a professional soccer organization in the U.S

B.In the 12th century soccer games in Britain often involved whole towns

C.Professional soccer grew quickly in Europe

D.Experts believed that the United States would win

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第9题
设集合A={1,a}，则P（A)=（)。

A.{{1},{a}}

B.{空集,{1},{a},{1,a}}

C.{{1},{a},{1,a}}

D.{,{1},{a}}

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第10题
加热炉的热效率一般（)。

A.≤1

B.＜1

C.=1

D.＞1

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