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Chapter one includes Mise-en-Scène, the ideology of classical Hollywood cinema and gen

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第1题

A single status may have multiple roles attached to it, constituting a role set. Consider

the status of a patient in a hospital. The status involves the sick role; another role as the peer of other patients; still another role as the "appreciative" receiver of the gifts and attention of friends and family members; one role as a consumer of newspapers, magazines and other small items purchased from a hospital attendant; and a role as acquaintance of a number of friendly hospital personnel. Or consider your status as a family member. Your status includes a variety of roles, for example, parent and child, uncle, spouse, and cousin. Clearly, a role does not exist in a social vacuum; it is a bundle of activities that are connected with the activities of other people. For this reason there can be no professors without students, no husbands without wives, no whites without nonwhites, and no lawyers without clients.

Roles affect us as sets of norms that define our duties the actions others can legitimately insist that we perform, and our fight the actions we can legitimately insist that others perform. Every role has at least one reciprocal role attached to it; the fights of one role are the duties of the other role. As we have noted, we have a social niche for the sick. Sick people have fights our society says they do not have to function in usual ways until they get well. But sick people also have the duty to get well and "not enjoy themselves too much." The sick role also entails an appeal to another party the physician. The physician must perceive the patient as trying to get well this is the physician’s right and the patient’s duty. And the patient must see the doctor as sincere the patient’s fight and the physician’s duty. It should come as no surprise that the quality of medical care falters when patient and physician role expectations break down.

One way that people are linked in groups is through networks of reciprocal roles. Role relationships tie us to one another because the rights of one end of the relationship are the duties of the other. People experience these stable relationships as social structure a hospital, a college, a family, a gang, an army, and so on.

If your are a patient, you take on all the following roles EXCEPT the role as______.

A．a friend of your fellow patients

B．a staff member of the hospital

C．the receiver of the treatment

D．a buyer of medicines

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第2题

The Man of Property is taken from Galsworthy's trilogy, _____.

A. The End of the Chapter

B. The Forsyte Saga

C. A Modern Comedy

D. The Island Pharisees

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第3题

When Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee met in the parlor of a modest house at Appomat

tox Court House, Virginia, on April 9, 1865, to work out the terms for the ________ of Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia, a great chapter in American life came to a close, and a great new chapter began.

A、surrender

B、retreat

C、resign

D、abandon

E、defeat

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第4题

Junk Hunting淘旧货Anyone who thinks exploration always involves long journeys should have

Junk Hunting

淘旧货

Anyone who thinks exploration always involves long journeys should have his head examined.Or, better, he should put on his oldest clothes and go off in search of a junk shop. There are three kinds—one full of discarded books, one full of discarded Government equipment, and one full of discarded anything.A junk shop may have four walls and a roof,or it may be no more than a trestle-table in an open air market;but there is one infallible test:no genuine junk shopkeeper will ever pester you to make up your mind and buy something. And you are no true junk shopper if you march purposefully round the shop as if you knew exactly what you wanteD．You must browse, gently chewing the cud of your idle thoughts, and nibbling here and there as a sight or a touch of the goods that lie about you. Yet you must also possess a penetrating glance, darting your eyes about you to spot the treasures that may lurk beneath the rubbish. This is what makes junk shopping such a satisfying voyage of exploration. You never know what interesting and unexpected thing you may discover next. For in a true junk shop, not even the proprietor is always quite sure what his dusty stock conceals. There is always the chance that you may pick up a first edition, a pair of exotic ear-rings, a piece of early Wedgwood china, or a cine camera—and possess it for the price of fifty cigarettes.

But this kind of treasure hunt is only a sideline to the true junk shopper. The real attraction lies in finding something that catches your own especial fancy, though everybody else may pass it by. An ancient tarnished clock, whose brass beneath your hands will shine anew; empty boxes that you can see transformed into the framework of a bookcase; an old bound volume of magazines of three-quarters of a century ago, which will shed strange sidelights on the ways our great-grandparents behaved and looked at life.

When you begin junk shopping, half the attraction is that you go with absolutely no intention of buying anything. You spend your first couple of Saturday afternoons ambling around among dusty shelves, savouring a page or a chapter as you please, or fingering the piles of oddments that litter counters or tables. At first, be warned, don't try to buy. You may, indeed you should, ask the price of this and that; but just to give you an idea of what the junk shopkeeper thinks you might be willing to pay him.

Later, you will find yourself returning a second and third time to something that has caught your fancy. And when you can hold back no longer, bargaining begins in earnest. This is the other great attraction of the true junk shop. Not only may it hold every conceivable product from every imaginable country; it also transports you to the mediaeval market place or the oriental bazaar, where no price is fixed until buyer and seller have waged a friendly war together, and proved each other's mettle. And this is where your old clothes become important: let no one take you for a rich connoisseur, or you will find yourself paying a rich man's prices. And avoid at all costs the suspicion of an American accent, or in spite of the good nature of all good junk shopkeepers, you will be for it.

The author equates junk shopping with exploration because both involve______.

A．traveling long distances

B．careful preparation

C．a spirit of adventure

D．discovering unheard of places

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第5题

Verbal skills in another culture can generally be mastered if one studies hard enough,

but nonverbal skills are much more difficult to learn. Nonverbal behavior. includes areas such as eye contact, facial expressions, postures, gestures, and the use of time, space,and territory. The messages sent by body language and the way we arrange time and space have always been open to interpretation. Does a raised eyebrow mean that your boss doubts your statement or just that she is seriously considering it？ Does a closed door to an office mean that your coworker is angry or just that he is working on a project that requires concentration？ Deciphering nonverbal communication is difficult for people who are culturally similar, and it is even more troublesome when cultures differ.

In Western cultures, for example, people perceive silence as negative. It suggests rejection, unhappiness, facial expression, regret, embarrassment, or ignorance.

However, the Japanese admire silence and consider it a key to success. A Japanese proverb says, “Those who know do not speak; those who speak do not know.”

Over 60 percent of Japanese businesswomen said that they would prefer to marry silent men. Silence is equated with wisdom.

1. According to this passage, what does nonverbal communication include？()

A.The use of time

B.Facial expressions

C.Gestures

D.All of the above

2. What does a raised eyebrow mean？()

A.Your boss doubts your statement.

B.Your boss is seriously considering your statement.

C.Your boss is unhappy with your statement.

D.The message sent by the raised eyebrow may be interpreted differently by people of another culture.

3. What is the main idea of Paragraph One？()

A.Verbal communication is important.

B.Nonverbal skills are more difficult to learn amongdifferent cultures.

C.Nonverbal communication is easy to learn.

D.Verbal skills are easy to be mastered.

4. How do western people view silence？()

A.It is positive.

B.It is approved.

C.It suggests unhappiness.

D.It suggests agreement.

5. “Those who know do not speak; those who speak do not know.”What does this Japanese proverb imply？()

A.It is negative.

B.It suggests embarrassment.

C.It suggests unhappiness.

D.It is equated with wisdom.

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第6题

Would you describe Starbucks 'production/ope nations technology in its retail sto

res as unit, mass, or process？ Explain your choice. (Hint: You may need to review his material found in Chapter 10.) How does is production/operations technology approach affect the way products are produced？

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第7题

The Getty Center 1．The Getty Center attracts 1.1 million visitors a year. It is one of the

most popular art museums in the US. One reason for its popularity may be that the Getty is free. No tickets to buy, and no reservations needed.There is a $15 parking fee, but you do not have to pay for parking after 5 p.m. And there is convenient public transportation. 2．A tram（接驳车）carries you from the parking area up to the hilltop campus. When you step out, you come face to face with views of the Pacific Ocean, the Santa Monica, and vast open area of Los Angeles. 3．Then you will see the five main buildings that house the museum’ s collection surrounding a central courtyard The buildings are connected by glassed walkways. So you can enjoy the view again while you move from one building to another. One of the outstanding characteristics of museum is the natural light that shines through each building's computer-controlled louvers（百叶窗）.It allows viewers to look at paintings in the same natural light in which they were created. 4．Part of the large campus is used for a series of gardens. The Central Garden was designed by Robert Irwin. He himself built everything from the handrails（扶手）to the waterfall to create a special and artistic experience in nature. 5．The Getty Center makes an effort to satisfy visitors. There is a cafe that offers lunches and snacks. There is also a restaurant for more formal meals, but it usually requires reservations. The museum includes a family room that lets kids create artwork and offers educational programs for everyone. Paragraph 1_____A.The Service

B.The Gardens

C.The Buildings

D.The Collection

E.The Popularity

F.The Surroundings

Paragraph 2_____A.The Service

B.The Gardens

C.The Buildings

D.The Collection

E.The Popularity

F.The Surroundings

You can walk from one building to another through _____.A.hire a guide

B.draw pictures

C.the natural light

D.make reservations

E.the glassed walkways

F.the handrails and waterfall

At the Getty Center, visitors can enjoy paintings in _____.A.hire a guide

B.draw pictures

C.the natural light

D.make reservations

E.the glassed walkways

F.the handrails and waterfall

Robert Irwin himself constructed _____.A.hire a guide

B.draw pictures

C.the natural light

D.make reservations

E.the glassed walkways

F.the handrails and waterfall

In the family room, children can _____.A.hire a guide

B.draw pictures

C.the natural light

D.make reservations

E.the glassed walkways

F.the handrails and waterfall

Paragraph 4_____A.The Service

B.The Gardens

C.The Buildings

D.The Collection

E.The Popularity

F.The Surroundings

Visitors to the Getty Center do not need to _____.A.hire a guide

B.draw pictures

C.the natural light

D.make reservations

E.the glassed walkways

F.the handrails and waterfall

Paragraph 5_____A.The Service

B.The Gardens

C.The Buildings

D.The Collection

E.The Popularity

F.The Surroundings

Paragraph 3_____A.The Service

B.The Gardens

C.The Buildings

D.The Collection

E.The Popularity

F.The Surroundings

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第8题

Human needs seem endless. They might be regarded as making up several levels. When there i

s enough money to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears. The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War II , these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses. By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared: the "life-enriching" level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety , and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing. On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.

According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when______.

A．he has saved up enough money

B．he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelter

C．he has satisfied his hunger

D．he has learned to build houses

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第9题

A relationship with your customer is like any relationship: It【C1】______time to earn their

trust and moments to【C2】______it. Customers want the truth, because without it they cannot make【C3】______decisions. For example, suppose you go out to dinner and the restaurant you choose has people waiting. When you put your name in, the host will tell you how long it is. If the host is doing his job, you will actually wait less than【C4】______you were told. If you are told the wait is 15 minutes and you are still waiting at the 30-minute mark, are you a happy customer？ At one level, it is just【C5】______. In some cases, it could【C6】______other plans: If you miss your movie because you were not【C7】______for dinner, you really are not a happy customer.

Unfortunately, many salespeople are【C8】______to tell the truth. They【C9】______some in formation, or share partial truths, or just plain lie. They do it in the【C10】______that customers will buy when they hear【C11】______they want to hear. It is true that customers want to hear certain things but【C12】______they are true. Let's go back to the restaurant.【C13】______the wait is not 15minutes-it is 90 minutes. It is not what we want to hear. Still, we can decide to stay or not to stay. If we do not stay, we will be hack. But if we【C14】______told 30 minutes and it became 90, that【C15】______the last time we ate there. Sooner or later, customers al ways find out the truth. If the truth is different than what they have been told, you have lost their trust.

Truth is【C16】______accuracy. It includes a willingness to stand behind what you say. In other words, are you willing to put your money【C17】______your mouth is？ If you are working with others, part of their【C18】______is that when something goes wrong you will stand with them. If an order is delayed, for example, how will you help them【C19】______their business commitments？ Part of earning their trust is having a backup plan in place should your【C20】______systems fail.

【C1】

A．takes

B．spends

C．lasts

D．relies

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第10题

The term cash includes currency, coin, checks, money orders, and government bonds and

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