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A few years ago, our group at Saclay, in collaboration with a number of other European

A.along with

B.in the light of

C.in

D.regardless of

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更多“A few years ago, our group at …”相关的问题
第1题
Only a few years ago, public opinion was ________ opposed

A.roughly

B.decidedly

C.appropriately

D.properly

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第2题

A few years ago it was common to speak of a generation gap between young people and their elders. Parents said that children did not respect and listen to them, while children said that their parents did not understand them at all. What had gone wrong? Why had the generation gap suddenly appeared? Actually, the generation gap has been around for a long time. Many people argue that it is built into every part of our society.

One important cause of the generation gap is .the opportunity that young people have to choose their own ways of life. In a more traditional society, when children grow up, they axe expected to live in the same place as their parents, to marry people that their parents know and like, and often to continue the family jobs. In our society, young people often travel great distances for their education, move out of the family at an early age, marry or live with people whom their parents have never met, and choose jobs different from those of their parents.

In our society, parents often expect their children to do better than they did, to find better jobs, to make more money and to do all the things that they were unable to do. Often, that is another cause of the gap between them. Often, they discover that they have very little in common with each other.

Finally, the speed at which changes take place in our society is the third cause of the gap between the generations. In a traditional culture, senior people axe valued for their knowledge, but in our society the knowledge of a lifetime may become out of date. The young and the old seem to live in two very different worlds, separated by different skills and abilities. No doubt, the generation gap will continue in American life for some time.

The first paragraph tells that ().

A.the problem of the generation gap draws much attention from people

B.it is out of date to talk about the generation gap

C.children and parents are trying to understand each other

D.it is very important for people to talk with each other often

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第3题
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws
of society make it necessary to have a vast army of poor and jobless people in order to keep the economy going. Today, hardly anybody would dare to voice the principle. It is generally accepted that nobody should be excluded from the wealth of the nation, either by the law of nature or by those of society. The opinions are outdated, which were current a hundred years ago, that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance, lack of responsibility. In all western industrialized countries, a system of insurance has been introduced which guarantees everyone a minimum of subsistence in case of unemployment, sickness and old age. I would go one step further and argue that, even if these conditions are not present, in other words, one can claim this substance minimum without having to have any "reason". I would suggest, however, that it should be limited to a definite period of time, let's say two years, so as to avoid the encouragement of an abnormal attitude which refuses any kind of social obligation.

This may sound like a fantastic proposal, but so, I think, our insurance system would have sounded to people a hundred years ago. The main objection to such a scheme would be that if each person were entitled to receive minimum support, people would not work. This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness. In human nature, actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.

However, the suspicions against a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum are not groundless from the standpoint of those who want to use ownership capital for the purpose of forcing others to accept the work conditions they offer. If nobody were forced to accept work in order not to starve, work would be sufficiently interesting and attractive in order to induce one to accept it. Freedom of contract is possible only if both parties are free to accept and reject if; in the present capitalist system this is not the case.

But such a system would not only be the beginning of real freedom of contract between employers and employees, its principal advantage would be the improvement of freedom in interpersonal relationships in every sphere of daily life.

People used to think that poverty and unemployment were due to ______.

A.the slow development of the economy

B.the poor and jobless people's own faults

C.the lack of responsibility on the part of the society

D.the large number Of people who were not well-educated

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第4题
One summer night, on my way home from work I decided to see a movie. I knew the theatre wo
uld be air-conditioned and I couldn't face my【56】apartment. Sitting in the theatre I had to look through the【57】between the two tall heads in front of me. I had to keep changing the【58】every time she leaned over to talk to him,【59】he leaned over to kiss her. Why do Americans display such【60】in a public place? I thought the movie would be good for my English, but【61】it turned out, it was an Italian movie.【62】about an hour I decided to give up on the movie and【63】on my popcorn. I've never understood why they give you so much popcorn ! It tasted pretty good,【64】. After a while I heard【65】more of the romantic sounding Italians. I just heard【66】of the popcorn crunching between my teeth. My thought started to【67】. I remembered when I was in South Korea, I【68】to watch Kojak on TV frequently. He spoke perfect Korean—I was really amazed. He seemed,【69】like a good friend to me. I saw him again in New York speaking【70】English instead of perfect Korean. He didn't even have a Korean accent and I【71】like I had been betrayed. When our family moved to the United States six years ago, none of us spoke any English.【72】we had begun to learn a few words, my mother suggested that we all should speak English at home. Everyone agreed, but our house became very【73】and we all seemed to avoid each other. We sat at the dinner table in silence, preferring not to【74】in a difficult language. Mother tried to say something in English but it【75】out all wrong and we all burst into laughter and decided to forget it I We've been speaking Korean at home ever since.

(56)

A.hot

B.warm

C.cool

D.heated

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第5题
The cost is going up for just about everything, and college tuition is no exception. Accor
ding to a nation- wide survey【21】by the College Board's Scholarship Service,【22】at most American universities will be【23】of 9 percent higher this year over last.

The biggest increase will occur at private colleges. Public colleges, heavily subsidized by rax funds, will also【24】their tuition, but the increase will be a few percentage points【25】than their privately sponsored neighbors.

As a follow-up, the United Press international did their own study【26】Massachussetts Institute of Technology. At M. I. T. advisors recommended that students have $ 8,900【27】for one year's expenses, including $ 5,300 for tuition, $ 2,685 for room and【28】, $ 630 for personal expenses, and $ 285 for books and supplies. Ten years ago the tuition was only $ 2,150. To【29】that another way, the cost has climbed 150 percent in the last【30】.

(61)

A.published

B.declared

C.written

D.quoted

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第6题
A few years ago a young mother watched her husband diaper(给...换尿布) their firstborn son

A few years ago a young mother watched her husband diaper(给...换尿布) their firstborn son. "You don't have to be so unhappy about it," she protested. "You can talk to him and smile a little." The father, who happened to be a psychologist, answered firmly, "He has nothing to say to me, and I have nothing to say to him."

Psychologists now know how wrong that father was. From the moment of birth, a baby has a great deal to say to his parents and they to him. But a decade or so ago, these experts were describing the newborn as a primitive creature who reacted only by reflex, a helpless victim of its environment without capacity to influence it. And mothers accepted the truth. Most thought(and some still do) that a new infant could see only blurry shadows, that his other senses were undeveloped, and that all he required was nourishment, clean diapers, and a warm bassinet.

Today university laboratories across the country are studying newborns in their first month of life. As a result, psychologists now describe the new baby as perceptive, with remarkable learning abilities and an even more remarkable capacity to shape his or her environment—including the attitudes and actions of his parents. Some researchers believe that the neonatal period may even be the most significant four weeks in an entire lifetime.

Far from being helpless, the newborn knows what he likes and rejects what he doesn't. He shuts out unpleasant sensations by closing his eyes or averting his face. He is a glutton for novelty. He prefers animate things over inanimate and likes people more than anything.

When a mere nine minutes old, an infant prefers a human face to a head-shaped outline. He makes the choice despite the fact that, with delivery-room attendants masked and gowned, he has never seen a human face before. By the time he's twelve hours old, his entire body moves in precise synchrony to the sound of a human voice, as if he were dancing. A non-human sound, such as a tapping noise, brings no such response.

The author points out that the father diapering his firstborn son was wrong because ______.

A.he thought the baby didn't have the power of speech

B.he believed the baby was not able to hear him

C.he was a psychologist unworthy of his profession

D.he thought the baby was not capable of any response

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第7题
Good morning. This is a day of remembrance for our country. And I am honored to be joi
ned at the White House today by Americans who lost so much in the terrible events of September the 11th, 2001, and have felt that loss every day since. Three years ago, the struggle of good against evil was compressed into a single morning. In the space of only 102 minutes, our country lost more citizens than were lost in the attack on Pearl Harbor. Time has passed, but the memories do not fade. We remember the images of fire, and the final calls of love, and the courage of rescuers who saw death and did not flee. We remember the cruelty of enemies who murdered the innocent, and rejoiced in our suffering. We remember the many good lives that ended too soon – which no one had the right to take. And our nation remembers the families left behind to carry a burden of sorrow. They have shown courage of their own. And with the help of God’s grace, and with support from one another, the families of terror victims have shown a strength that survives all hurt. Each of them remains in the thoughts and prayers of the American people. The terrorist attacks on September the 11th were a turning point for our nation. We saw the goals of a determined enemy: to expand the scale of their murder, and force America to retreat from the world. And our nation accepted a mission: We will defeat this enemy. The United States of America is determined to guard our homeland against future attacks. As the September the 11th Commission concluded, our country is safer than we were three years ago, but we are not yet safe. Thank you for listening.

1. According to this passage, all of the following are true EXCEPT __________.

A、The passage is delivered in 2004

B、Since the attacks on September the 11th, the United States has been conscious of the national safety

C、The September the 11th Commission concluded that the United States is safe now

D、There were more people who died in the terrorist attacks on September the 11th than those who died in the attack on Pearl Harbor

2. In the third paragraph the underlined word “rejoice” means __________.

A、feeling joyful

B、feeling sorrowful

C、feeling regretful

D、feeling indifferent

3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the factor to help the families of terror victims survive all hurts?()

A、God’s mercy

B、Bravery of their own

C、Hatred for the enemies

D、Mutual support

4. Which of the following can NOT be known from the passage about the “enemy”?()

A、The enemy has made firm decision and nothing can stop them

B、The enemy will take the lives of more innocent Americans

C、The enemy will be happy to see America retreat from the world

D、The enemy will destroy the whole world

5. Where would this passage most likely be extracted from?()

A、News report

B、A radio address

C、A television interview

D、News review

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第8题
Ours has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every fi
ve Americans at work was employed, i. e. , worked for somebody else. Today only one out of five is not employed but working for himself. And when fifty years ago "being employed" meant working as a factory laborer or as a farmhand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a substantial formal education, holding a professional or management job requiring intellectual and technical skills. Indeed, two things have characterized American society during these last fifty years: middle-class and upper-class employees have been tile fastestgrowing groups in our working population—growing so fast that the industrial worker, that oldest child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the expansion of industrial production.

Yet you will find little if anything written on what it is to be an employee. You can find a great deal of very dubious advice on how to get a job or how to get a promotion. You can also find a good deal of work in a chosen field, whether it be the mechanist's trade or book-keeping(簿记). Every one of these trades requires different skills, sets different standards, and requires a different preparation. Yet they all have employeeship in common. And increasingly, especially in the large business or in government, employeeship is more important to success than the special professional knowledge or skill. Certainly more people fail because they do not know the requirements of being an employee than because they do not adequately possess the skills of their trade; the higher you climb the ladder, the more you get into administrative or executive work, the greater the emphasis on ability to work within the organization rather than on technical abilities or professional knowledge.

It is implied that fifty years ago _______.

A.eighty per cent of American working people were employed in factories

B.twenty per cent of American intellectuals were employees

C.the percentage of intellectuals in the total work force was almost the same as that of industrial workers

D.the percentage of intellectuals working as employees was not so large as that of industrial workers

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第9题
In our society, we must communicate with other people. A great deal of communicating is pe
rformed on a person-to person【C1】______ by the simple means of speech. If we travel in buses, stand in football match【C2】______ , we are likely to have conversation【C3】______ we give information or opinions, and sometimes have our views【C4】______ by other members of society. Face-to-face contact is【C5】______ the only form. of communication and during the last two hundred years the【C6】______ of mass communication has become one of the dominating factors of contemporary society. Two things, 【C7】______ others, have caused the enormous growth of the communication industry. Firstly, inventiveness has led to【C8】______ in printing, photography and so on. Secondly, speed has revolutionized the【C9】______ and reception of communications so that local news often takes【C10】______ back beat to national news.

No longer is the possession of information【C11】______ to a privileged minority. Forty years ago people used to【C12】______ to the cinema, but now far more people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a programme that【C13】______ into millions of homes. Communication is no longer merely concerned【C14】______ the transmission of information. The modem communications industry influences the way people live in society and broadens, their【C15】______ by allowing access to information, education and entertainment. The printing, broadcasting and【C16】______ industries are all involved with informing, educating and entertaining.

【C17】______ a great deal of the material communicated by the mass media is very【C18】______ to the individual and to the society of which he is a part, the vast modem network of communications is【C19】______ to abuse. How ever, the mass media are with us for better, for worse, and there is no turning【C20】______ .

【C1】

A.basis

B.base

C.foundation

D.ground

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第10题
Although the practice of the old Roman religion disappeared many centuries ago, some tra
ces of the Roman gods are still present in our daily vocabulary. The names of the Roman sun god, Sol, and the moon goddess, Luna, are used frequently in our language The word solar describes anything pertaining to the sun, and lunar anything pertaining to the moon. For example, the sun and the planets circling it are called the solar system. The period of time in which the earth circles the sun once is a solar year. The moon takes one lunar month to circle the earth. A lunar year of twelve lunar months is eleven days shorter than a solar year. In some cases our language shows how these heavenly bodies affect us directly. A room or place for sunbathing is often called a solarium. We get our word parasol from the Italian word meaning " a guard against the sun." For many centuries it was believed that the moon affected people who were mentally ill. For this reason persons who were mentally ill were often referred to as lunatics.

1).The word lunatic originally meant___.

A、twelve lunar months

B、the home of the moon goddess

C、a person on whom the moon had a bad effect

D、a guard against the moon

2).Implied but not stated______.

A、A solar year lasts about 354 days

B、Sol was the Roman sun god

C、Our calendar is based on the movements of the moon

D、Mental illness really has nothing to do with the moon

3).In comparison with the solar year, the lunar year is__.

A、twice as long

B、the same length

C、shorter

D、a few days longer

4).A parasol is used to __.

A、measure solar time

B、protect us from the sun rays

C、protect us from the gods

D、view the sun during the day

5).The best title for this selection is:___.

A、The Gods of Rome

B、The Rhythm of the Universe

C、Ancient Beliefs

D、Gods in Our Words

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第11题

Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behaviour. Viewed biologically, the modern footballer is in reality a member of a hunting group. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey (猎物) into a goal mouth. If his aim is accurate and he scores a goal, he enjoys the hunter’s triumph of killing his prey.

To understand how this transformation has taken place we must briefly look back at our forefathers. They spent over a million years evolving (进化) as cooperative hunters. Their very survival depended on success in the hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole way of life, even their bodies, became greatly changed. They became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey-killers. They cooperated as skillful male-group attackers.

Then about ten thousand years ago, after this immensely long period of hunting their food, they became farmers. Their improved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, was put to a new use--that of controlling and domesticating their prey. The hunt became suddenly out of date. The food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. The risks and uncertainties of the hunt were no longer essential for survival.

The skills and thirst for hunting remained, however, and demanded new outlets. Hunting for sport replaced hunting for necessity. This new activity involved all the original hunting sequences but the aim of the operation was no longer to avoid starvation. Instead the sportsmen set off to test their skill against prey that were no longer essential to their survival. To be sure, the kill may have been eaten but there were other much simpler ways of obtaining a meaty meal.

The author believes that sporting activities ().

A.are forms of biological development

B.have actually developed from hunting

C.are essentially forms of taming the prey .

D.have changed the ways of hunting

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